爬虫————以表格的形式存储

  1 import urllib
  2 from urllib import request, error
  3 import re
  4 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
  5 import xlwt
  6 import time
  7 
  8 def askURL(url):
  9     headers = {
 10     "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.120 Safari/537.36"
 11               }
 12     request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers = headers)#发送请求
 13     try:
 14         response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)#取得响应
 15         html= response.read()#获取网页内容
 16         # print (html)
 17     except urllib.error.URLError as e:
 18         if hasattr(e,"code"):
 19             print (e.code)
 20         if hasattr(e,"reason"):
 21             print (e.reason)
 22     return html
 23 
 24 
 25 
 26 def getData(baseurl):
 27     remove = re.compile(r‘                            |\n|</br>|\.*‘)
 28     datalist = []
 29 
 30     for i in range(0, 10):
 31         url = baseurl + str(i * 25)
 32         html = askURL(url)
 33         soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
 34         for item in soup.find_all(‘div‘, class_=‘item‘):  # 找到每一个影片项
 35             data = []
 36             item = str(item)  # 转换成字符串
 37             # 影片详情链接
 38             link = re.findall(‘<a href="(.*?)">‘, item)[0]
 39             data.append(link)  # 添加详情链接
 40             imgSrc = re.findall(‘<img.*src="(.*?)"‘, item, re.S)[0]
 41             data.append(imgSrc)  # 添加图片链接
 42             titles = re.findall(‘<span class="title">(.*)</span>‘, item)
 43             # 片名可能只有一个中文名，没有外国名
 44             if (len(titles) == 2):
 45                 ctitle = titles[0]
 46                 data.append(ctitle)  # 添加中文片名
 47                 otitle = titles[1].replace("/", "")  # 去掉无关符号
 48                 data.append(otitle)  # 添加外国片名
 49             else:
 50                 data.append(titles[0])  # 添加中文片名
 51                 data.append(‘ ‘)  # 留空
 52 
 53             rating = re.findall(‘<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*)</span>‘, item)[0]
 54             data.append(rating)  # 添加评分
 55             judgeNum = re.findall(‘<span>(\d*)人评价</span>‘, item)[0]
 56             data.append(judgeNum)  # 添加评论人数
 57             inq = re.findall(‘<span class="inq">(.*)</span>‘, item)
 58 
 59             # 可能没有概况
 60             if len(inq) != 0:
 61                 inq = inq[0].replace("。", "")  # 去掉句号
 62                 data.append(inq)  # 添加概况
 63             else:
 64                 data.append(‘ ‘)  # 留空
 65             bd = re.findall(‘<p class="">(.*?)</p>‘, item, re.S)[0]
 66             bd = re.sub(remove, "", bd)
 67             bd = re.sub(‘<br(\s+)?\/?>(\s+)?‘, " ", bd)  # 去掉<br >
 68             bd = re.sub(‘/‘, " ", bd)  # 替换/
 69             data.append(bd.strip())
 70             datalist.append(data)
 71 
 72     time.sleep(5)
 73     return datalist
 74 
 75 # 将相关数据写入excel表格中
 76 def saveData(datalist, savepath):
 77     book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding=‘utf-8‘, style_compression=0)
 78     sheet = book.add_sheet(‘豆瓣电影Top250‘, cell_overwrite_ok=True)
 79     col = (‘电影详情链接‘, ‘图片链接‘, ‘影片中文名‘, ‘影片外国名‘, ‘评分‘, ‘评价数‘, ‘概况‘, ‘相关信息‘)
 80     for i in range(0, 8):
 81         sheet.write(0, i, col[i])
 82     for i in range(0, 250):
 83         data = datalist[i]  # 列名
 84         for j in range(0, 8):
 85             sheet.write(i + 1, j, data[j])  # 数据
 86     book.save(savepath)
 87 
 88 
 89 # savepath = u‘/home/cxf/ML_1/豆瓣电影Top250.xlsx‘
 90 # saveData(datalist,savepath)
 91 
 92 
 93 def main():
 94     print("爬虫开始了........................")
 95     baseurl = ‘https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=‘
 96     datalist = getData(baseurl)
 97     savepath = ‘1豆瓣电影Top250_2.xlsx‘
 98     saveData(datalist, savepath)
 99 
100 
101 if __name__ == "__main__":
102     main()
103     print("爬取完成，请查看.xlsx文件")