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selenium find_element()详解

时间:2020-05-16 21:50:30      阅读:259      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

selenium有以下定位方式:

driver.find_element_by_id(‘id’)
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
driver.find_element_by_link_text(link_text)
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(partial_link_text)
driver.find_element_by_name(name)
driver.find_element_by_tag_name(tag_name)
driver.find_element_by_class_name(class_name)
driver.find_element_by_css_selector(css_selector)

但我们看下源码:
D:\Program Files\Python27\Lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py
可以看到,上面那些定位方式,实际上都是调用的driver.find_element(by, value)

 

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我们继续看下find_element()的源码,大部分方法最终全是通过By.CSS_SELECTOR来实现的查找

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那By又都有哪些条件呢?

D:\Program Files\Python27\Lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\by.py
继续看源码,可以看到下面8种
ID = "id"
XPATH = "xpath"
LINK_TEXT = "link text"
PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT = "partial link text"
NAME = "name"
TAG_NAME = "tag name"
CLASS_NAME = "class name"
CSS_SELECTOR = "css selector"

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所以我们以后就都只用find_element()就好了,因为最终实际上也都是调用的这个方法。
简单封装一下,以后就记住find_element()一个方法即可。

from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from appium import webdriver

class BasePage(object):
    def split_locator(self, locator):
        """
        分解定位表达式,如‘css,.username‘,拆分后返回‘css selector‘和定位表达式‘.username‘(class为username的元素)
        :param locator: 定位方法+定位表达式组合字符串,如‘css,.username‘
        :return: locator_dict[by], value:返回定位方式和定位表达式
        """
        by = locator.split(,)[0]
        value = locator.split(,)[1]
        locator_dict = {
            id: id,
            name: name,
            class: class name,
            tag: tag name,
            link: link text,
            plink: partial link text,
            xpath: xpath,
            css: css selector,
        }
        if by not in locator_dict.keys():
            raise NameError("wrong locator!‘id‘,‘name‘,‘class‘,‘tag‘,‘link‘,‘plink‘,‘xpath‘,‘css‘,exp:‘id,username‘")
        return locator_dict[by], value


    def wait_element(self, locator, sec=30):
        """
        等待元素出现
        :param locator: 定位方法+定位表达式组合字符串,用逗号分隔,如‘css,.username‘
        :param sec:等待秒数
        """
        by, value = self.split_locator(locator)
        try:
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, sec, 1).until(lambda x: x.find_element(by=by, value=value),message=element not found!!!)
            log.info(u等待元素:%s % locator)
        return True
        except TimeoutException:
            return False
        except Exception, e:
            raise e

    
    def get_element(self, locator, sec=60):
        """
        获取一个元素
        :param locator: 定位方法+定位表达式组合字符串,用逗号分隔,如‘css,.username‘
        :param sec:等待秒数
        :return: 元素可找到返回element对象,否则返回False
        """
        if self.wait_element(locator, sec):
            by, value = self.split_locator(locator)
            try:
                element = self.driver.find_element(by=by, value=value)
                log.info(u获取元素:%s % locator)
                return element
            except Exception, e:
                raise e
        else:
            return False

    def get_elements(self, locator):
        """
        获取一组元素
        :param locator: 定位方法+定位表达式组合字符串,用逗号分隔,如‘css,.username‘
        :return: elements
        """
        by, value = self.split_locator(locator)
        try:
            elements = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 60, 1).until(lambda x: x.find_elements(by=by, value=value))
            log.info(u获取元素列表:%s % locator)
            return elements
        except Exception, e:
            raise e

 

以后调用,先定义元素,如
button = "id,su" # 页面上id为su的元素

在用例中查找时,只要写
find_element(button)


整体框架源码:
https://github.com/songzhenhua/selenium_ui_auto/blob/master/page_object/base_page.py

 

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selenium find_element()详解

原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/songzhenhua/p/12902288.html

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