一.首页信息展示
1.1 轮播图
①.goods下serializers.py添加
class BannerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): ‘‘‘ 轮播图 ‘‘‘ class Meta: model = Banner fields = "__all__"
②.view.py添加
class BannerViewset(mixins.ListModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet): """ 首页轮播图 """ queryset = Banner.objects.all().order_by("index") serializer_class = BannerSerializer
③.urls.py添加
# 配置首页轮播图的url router.register(r‘banners‘, BannerViewset, basename="banners")
1.2 新品展示
①.后台是否新品勾选即可
1.3 商品分类展示
①.序列化文件添加
class BrandSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): ‘‘‘ 大类下面的宣传商标 ‘‘‘ class Meta: model = GoodsCategoryBrand fields = "__all__" class IndexCategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): #某个大类的商标，可以有多个商标，一对多的关系 brands = BrandSerializer(many=True) # good有一个外键category，但这个外键指向的是三级类，直接反向通过外键category（三级类），取某个大类下面的商品是取不出来的 goods = serializers.SerializerMethodField() # 在parent_category字段中定义的related_name="sub_cat" # 取二级商品分类 sub_cat = CategorySerializer2(many=True) # 广告商品 ad_goods = serializers.SerializerMethodField() def get_ad_goods(self, obj): goods_json = {} ad_goods = IndexAd.objects.filter(category_id=obj.id, ) if ad_goods: #取到这个商品Queryset[0] good_ins = ad_goods[0].goods #在serializer里面调用serializer的话，就要添加一个参数context（上下文request）,嵌套serializer必须加 # serializer返回的时候一定要加 “.data” ，这样才是json数据 goods_json = GoodsSerializer(good_ins, many=False, context={‘request‘: self.context[‘request‘]}).data return goods_json #自定义获取方法 def get_goods(self, obj): # 将这个商品相关父类子类等都可以进行匹配 all_goods = Goods.objects.filter(Q(category_id=obj.id) | Q(category__parent_category_id=obj.id) | Q( category__parent_category__parent_category_id=obj.id)) goods_serializer = GoodsSerializer(all_goods, many=True, context={‘request‘: self.context[‘request‘]}) return goods_serializer.data class Meta: model = GoodsCategory fields = "__all__"
②.view.py添加
class IndexCategoryViewset(mixins.ListModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet): """ 首页商品分类数据 """ # 获取is_tab=True（导航栏）里面的分类下的商品数据 queryset = GoodsCategory.objects.filter(is_tab=True, name__in=["生鲜食品", "酒水饮料"]) serializer_class = IndexCategorySerializer
③.urls.py添加
# 首页系列商品展示url router.register(r‘indexgoods‘, IndexCategoryViewset, basename="indexgoods")
1.4 商品点击与收藏数
①.点击数 # 更新GoodListViewSet类
class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet): ‘‘‘ list: 商品列表，分页，搜索，过滤，排序 retrieve: 获取商品详情 ‘‘‘ # authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,) #这里必须要定义一个默认的排序,否则会报错 queryset = Goods.objects.all().order_by(‘id‘) # 分页 pagination_class = GoodsPagination #序列化 serializer_class = GoodsSerializer filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend,filters.SearchFilter,filters.OrderingFilter) # 设置filter的类为我们自定义的类 #过滤 filter_class = GoodsFilter #搜索 search_fields = (‘name‘, ‘goods_brief‘, ‘goods_desc‘) #排序 ordering_fields = (‘sold_num‘, ‘shop_price‘) #商品点击数 + 1 def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs): instance = self.get_object() instance.click_num += 1 instance.save() serializer = self.get_serializer(instance) return Response(serializer.data)
②.收藏数 # 更新UserFavViewSet类
class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin): ‘‘‘ 用户收藏 ‘‘‘ #permission是用来做权限判断的 # IsAuthenticated：必须登录用户；IsOwnerOrReadOnly：必须是当前登录的用户 permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,IsOwnerOrReadOnly) #auth使用来做用户认证的 authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,SessionAuthentication) #搜索的字段 lookup_field = ‘goods_id‘ #动态选择serializer def get_serializer_class(self): if self.action == "list": return UserFavDetailSerializer elif self.action == "create": return UserFavSerializer return UserFavSerializer def get_queryset(self): #只能查看当前登录用户的收藏，不会获取所有用户的收藏 return UserFav.objects.filter(user=self.request.user) # 用户收藏的商品数量+1 def perform_create(self, serializer): instance = serializer.save() # 这里instance相当于UserFav model，通过它找到goods goods = instance.goods goods.fav_num += 1 goods.save()
1.5 信号量实现数量加减
①.user_operation下新建signals.py文件
from django.db.models.signals import post_save,post_delete from django.dispatch import receiver from user_operation.models import UserFav # post_save:接收信号的方式 #sender: 接收信号的model @receiver(post_save, sender=UserFav) def create_UserFav(sender, instance=None, created=False, **kwargs): # 是否新建，因为update的时候也会进行post_save if created: goods = instance.goods goods.fav_num += 1 goods.save() @receiver(post_delete, sender=UserFav) def delete_UserFav(sender, instance=None, created=False, **kwargs): goods = instance.goods goods.fav_num -= 1 goods.save()
②.apps.py文件添加
def ready(self): import user_operation.signals
1.6 库存与销量修改
①.库存数量更新ShoppingCartViewSet类
class ShoppingCartViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet): """ 购物车功能 list: 获取购物车详情 create： 加入购物车 delete： 删除购物记录 """ permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly) authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication) serializer_class = ShopCartSerializer #商品的id lookup_field = "goods_id" def get_serializer_class(self): if self.action == ‘list‘: return ShopCartDetailSerializer else: return ShopCartSerializer #获取购物车列表 def get_queryset(self): return ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user) # 库存数-1 def perform_create(self, serializer): shop_cart = serializer.save() goods = shop_cart.goods goods.goods_num -= shop_cart.nums goods.save() # 库存数+1 def perform_destroy(self, instance): goods = instance.goods goods.goods_num += instance.nums goods.save() instance.delete() # 更新库存,修改可能是增加页可能是减少 def perform_update(self, serializer): #首先获取修改之前的库存数量 existed_record = ShoppingCart.objects.get(id=serializer.instance.id) existed_nums = existed_record.nums # 先保存之前的数据existed_nums saved_record = serializer.save() #变化的数量 nums = saved_record.nums-existed_nums goods = saved_record.goods goods.goods_num -= nums goods.save()
②.销量更新AlipayView类
class AlipayView(APIView): def get(self, request): """ 处理支付宝的return_url返回 """ processed_dict = {} # 1. 获取GET中参数 for key, value in request.GET.items(): processed_dict[key] = value # 2. 取出sign sign = processed_dict.pop("sign", None) # 3. 生成ALipay对象 alipay = AliPay( appid="2016091500517456", app_notify_url="http://47.93.198.159:8000/alipay/return/", app_private_key_path=private_key_path, alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥, debug=True, # 默认False, return_url="http://47.93.198.159:8000/alipay/return/" ) verify_re = alipay.verify(processed_dict, sign) # 这里可以不做操作。因为不管发不发return url。notify url都会修改订单状态。 if verify_re is True: order_sn = processed_dict.get(‘out_trade_no‘, None) trade_no = processed_dict.get(‘trade_no‘, None) trade_status = processed_dict.get(‘trade_status‘, None) existed_orders = OrderInfo.objects.filter(order_sn=order_sn) for existed_order in existed_orders: existed_order.pay_status = trade_status existed_order.trade_no = trade_no existed_order.pay_time = datetime.now() existed_order.save() response = redirect("/index/#/app/home/member/order") return response else: response = redirect("index") return response def post(self, request): """ 处理支付宝的notify_url """ #存放post里面所有的数据 processed_dict = {} #取出post里面的数据 for key, value in request.POST.items(): processed_dict[key] = value #把signpop掉，文档有说明 sign = processed_dict.pop("sign", None) #生成一个Alipay对象 alipay = AliPay( appid="2016091500517456", app_notify_url="http://47.93.198.159:8000/alipay/return/", app_private_key_path=private_key_path, alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥, debug=True, # 默认False, return_url="http://47.93.198.159:8000/alipay/return/" ) #进行验证 verify_re = alipay.verify(processed_dict, sign) # 如果验签成功 if verify_re is True: #商户网站唯一订单号 order_sn = processed_dict.get(‘out_trade_no‘, None) #支付宝系统交易流水号 trade_no = processed_dict.get(‘trade_no‘, None) #交易状态 trade_status = processed_dict.get(‘trade_status‘, None) # 查询数据库中订单记录 existed_orders = OrderInfo.objects.filter(order_sn=order_sn) for existed_order in existed_orders: # 订单商品项 order_goods = existed_order.goods.all() # 商品销量增加订单中数值 for order_good in order_goods: goods = order_good.goods goods.sold_num += order_good.goods_num goods.save() # 更新订单状态 existed_order.pay_status = trade_status existed_order.trade_no = trade_no existed_order.pay_time = datetime.now() existed_order.save() #需要返回一个‘success‘给支付宝，如果不返回，支付宝会一直发送订单支付成功的消息 return Response("success")
二.缓存的设置
2.1 DRF缓存
①.GoodsListViewSet类中增加 # goods下view.py文件
CacheResponseMixin
②.settings中设置过期时间
#缓存配置 REST_FRAMEWORK_EXTENSIONS = { ‘DEFAULT_CACHE_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT‘: 5 #5s过期，时间自己可以随便设定 }
2.2 redis缓存
①.settings中添加
# redis缓存 CACHES = { "default": { "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache", "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379", "OPTIONS": { "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient", } } }
2.3 反爬虫设置
①.访问频率的设置 # 在settings的REST_FRAMEWORK中新增
#限速设置 ‘DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES‘: ( ‘rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle‘, #未登陆用户 ‘rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle‘ #登陆用户 ), ‘DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES‘: { ‘anon‘: ‘3/minute‘, #每分钟可以请求两次 ‘user‘: ‘5/minute‘ #每分钟可以请求五次 }
②.goods.view.py中使用 # 在GoodListViewSet类中增加即可
throttle_classes = (UserRateThrottle, AnonRateThrottle)
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/JangNara/p/12992797.html
