浮动路由等价路由

时间：2020-09-18 09:01:53 阅读：62 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

实验拓扑

配置ip地址略：

[AR1]display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(d): Dampening Suppressed
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 7
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 7

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
Ethernet0/0/0                     unassigned           down       down      
Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              200.1.1.1/24         up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              200.1.3.1/24         up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              192.168.1.254/24     up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/3              unassigned           down       down      
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
Serial0/0/0                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/1                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/2                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/3                       unassigned           down       down  

 [AR2]display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 0

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              200.1.1.2/24         up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              200.1.2.2/24         up         up    

[AR3]display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(d): Dampening Suppressed
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 7
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 7

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
Ethernet0/0/0                     unassigned           down       down      
Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              200.1.2.3/24         up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              200.1.1.3/24         up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              192.168.2.254/24     up         up       

配置静态路由

[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 200.1.3.3

[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 200.1.3.1

[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 200.1.1.1

[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 200.1.1.3

PC>tracert 192.168.2.1

traceroute to 192.168.2.1, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
 1  192.168.1.254   16 ms  16 ms  31 ms
 2  200.1.3.3   62 ms  47 ms  32 ms
 3    *192.168.2.1   62 ms  78 ms

[AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1    
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown 

4、配置浮动静态路由实现路由备份
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 200.1.1.2 preference 61
[AR1]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
                 Destinations : 9        Routes : 9        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

            127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
            127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
        192.168.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.1.254   GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
    192.168.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        192.168.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.3.3       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
            200.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
            200.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
            200.1.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.3.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
            200.1.3.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

查看路由表发现没有这条路由，原因是优先级高的写入路由表

[AR1]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
                 Destinations : 1        Routes : 2        Configured Routes : 2

Static routing table status : <Active>
                 Destinations : 1        Routes : 1

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        192.168.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.3.3       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
                 Destinations : 1        Routes : 1

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        192.168.2.0/24  Static  61   0          R    200.1.1.2       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 200.1.2.2 preference 61

手动制造故障

[AR1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown 
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
                 Destinations : 7        Routes : 7        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

            127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
            127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
        192.168.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.1.254   GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
    192.168.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        192.168.2.0/24  Static  61   0          RD   200.1.1.2       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
            200.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
            200.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

模拟故障前后的路由表变化
技术分享图片

等价路由实现负载
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 200.1.1.2
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

[AR1]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
                 Destinations : 1        Routes : 2        Configured Routes : 2

Static routing table status : <Active>
                 Destinations : 1        Routes : 2

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        192.168.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.3.3       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                                        Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.2       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
                 Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 200.1.2.2
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

[AR3]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
                 Destinations : 9        Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

            127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
            127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
        192.168.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.3.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                                        Static  60   0          RD   200.1.2.2       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        192.168.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.2.254   GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
    192.168.2.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
            200.1.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.2.3       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
            200.1.2.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
            200.1.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.3.3       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
            200.1.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

浮动路由等价路由

原文：https://blog.51cto.com/14015577/2534504

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