新概念 3 册 Lesson17

The longest suspension bridge in the world

生词和短语

suspension
n. 悬，吊
agreeable
adj. 宜人的
situation
n. 地点，地方
locate
v. 位于
immortal
adj. 永生的，流芳百世的
Brooklyn
n. 布鲁克林（纽约一区名）
Staten
n. 斯塔顿（岛）
span
n. 跨度
cable
n. 缆索
concrete
n. 混凝土
suspend
v. 悬挂
length
n. 根，段
estimate
v. 估计
capacity
n. 承受量
immensity
n. 巨大
elegant
adj. 优美别致的
faintly
adv. 微细地

suspension [s?‘spen?n]
n. 悬挂；暂停；
（因违规而）停职，停课

suspension bridge 悬挂的桥、吊桥

the suspension of the peace talks 和平谈判终止

Annie got a 3-day suspension for smoking in school. 停课

把...挂在...
suspend sth. from sth.
A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.

Oddly shaped forms that are suspended from the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody.

挂在...
hang from sth.
In the corner of the room was a large lamp, (定hanging from the ceiling.

suspend v.
The ferry service has been suspended for the day because of bad weather.

A tiny asterisk conducted me to a footnote at the bottom of the page. It said: ‘This service has been suspended.‘

The policeman was suspended while the complaint was investigated.

Dave was suspended from school for a week.

situation [s?t?u‘e??n]
n. 地点，位置；情况，处境

地点
situation
location

a beautiful situation / location overlooking the valley
His apartment is in a really good situation / location.

情况，处境
She found herself in an embarrassing situation.

This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

She tried to explain the situation, saying ‘It‘s only me‘, but it was too late.

使位于（被
situate
locate
site

The monastery is situated / located / sited in a valley.

位于（主
stand 站
sit 坐
lie 躺

Near the railway station stood a hotel.
（全部倒装 地点状语放在句首，hotel不是代词，stand不是及物动词

The house sits on top of a hill

The town lies on the coast.

immortal [?‘m?:tl]
adj. 永生的；流芳百世的

Plato believed that the soul is immortal. 灵魂永生

the immortal Shakespeare 不朽的

Emily Bronte‘s immortal love story 不朽的

His telescopic observations are justly immortal; …

会死的、终有一死
mortal
All human beings are mortal.

致命的
a mortal wound

He became mortally ill a few months before we had planned to go and, when he knew that he was dying, he made me promise to go on my own.

不道德的
immoral
It‘s immoral to steal.

道德的
moral
the decline of moral standards

moral support / obligation 道德的、道义的--支持、责任

I know only that what is moral is what you feel good after and what is immoral is what you feel bad after.
― Ernest Hemingway

span [sp? n]
n. 跨度；一段时间

The arch has a span of 60 meters. 长度的跨度

I worked with him over a span of six years. 时间的跨度

The project must be completed within a specific time span. 时间段

Small children have a short attention span. 注意力持续的时间

翼展
wingspan
a bird with a two-foot(英尺) wingspan

寿命
lifespan
Men have a shorter lifespan than women.
A TV set has an average lifespan of 11 years.

concrete [‘k??kri:t]
n. 混凝土

modern buildings made of concrete

The towers are built on immense underwater platforms made of steel and concrete.

混凝土制造的
a concrete floor / wall / building

具体的
concrete evidence / proposals / examples 证据 / 建议 / 例证

Even if one didn‘t know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general principles.

抽象的
abstract
Beauty itself is abstract.

There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract concept.

capacity [k?‘p? s?ti]
n. 容量，承受量；能力

容量承受量
capacity of …
The jug has a capacity of half a liter.

The stadium has a seating capacity of 50,000.

The new truck has a loading capacity of 2.5 tons.

能力
capacity for …
He has a great capacity for work.

My capacity for mathematics is negligible.

做某事具体的能力
capacity to do …
her capacity to read and write

We would lay less stress on ‘facts and figures‘ and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens.

做...能力
ability to do …
Our ability to think and speak makes us different from other animals.

做...能力
capability to do …
capability of …
You have the capability to do / of doing this job well.

能力（大脑相关
powers of …
Teachers have the responsibility to develop students‘ powers of critical thinking.

If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would notdrive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.

天赋能力（天生
aptitude for …
At an early age Susan showed an aptitude for languages.

课文

The longest suspension

Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme. He described it as ‘a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.‘ Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.

The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms make of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer‘s dream to create ‘an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible‘.

参考译文

1524年，一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港，并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述：“地理位置十分适宜，位于两座小山的中间，一条大河从中间流过”。虽然维拉萨诺绝对算不上一个伟大的探险家，但他的名字将流芳百世，因为1964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。

维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计，连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛，桥长4,260英尺。由于桥身太长，设计者不得不考虑了地表的形状。两座巨塔支撑着4根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深入海底100英尺。仅这两座塔就花了16个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆，而钢缆又悬吊着大桥，4根钢缆中的每根由26，108股钢绳组成。据估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而，这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽管此桥很大，但它的结构简单，造型优美，实现了设计者企图创造一个“尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物”的梦想。

Verrazano, (同an Italian (定about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.

听说、获悉
know of / about …
hear of / about …
learn of / about …

I don‘t know him personally, though I know of / about him.

George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates.

Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.

They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended.

在正式书面语中，若关系代词做介词宾语，需将介词置于关系代词之前，非正式文体无此限制。

（正式）This is the house in which I lived for 10 years.
（非正式）This is the house which I lived in for 10 years.

（正式）I have read the poem of which she is speaking.
（非正式）I have read the poem which she is speaking of.

about whom / which little is known 鲜为人知的

造句：Mary 和她的丈夫 Dimitri 住在 Perachora，一个鲜为人知的希腊小村庄。

Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in Perachora, a tiny Greek village about which little is known.

造句：张继，一位鲜为人知的中国诗人，曾经写过一首著名的诗歌，《枫桥夜泊》(“Mooring by Maple Bridge at Night”)。

Zhang Ji, a Chinese poet about whom little is known, once wrote a famous poem “Mooring by Maple Bridge at Night”.

给某人起名字
name sb. …
We named our daughter Sarah.

按照 B 给 A 起名字
name .A. after .B.
He was named after his father.

Tasmania was named after its discoverer, A. J. Tasman.

Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.

He described it as ‘a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.‘

把...描述成...
describe … as (being) …
The man was described as (being) tall and dark, and aged about 20.

Jim was described by his colleagues as (being) ‘unusual‘.

The old lady thought he was a fussy creature, but since the porter agreed with him, she rang up her daughter and asked for her help in what she described as a little spot of bother.

Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter.

被看作
At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.

令人愉快的
agreeable adj. pleasant

We spent a most agreeable evening by the river.

He described it as ‘a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.‘

在...中间
midst: middle
in the midst of the crowd

在...过程中
whilst: while
The days were hot whilst we were on vacation.

在...之中
amongst: among
There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.

In the midst of two small hills flowed a great river.
-->A great river flowed in the midst of two small hills.

全部倒装
把全部谓语置于主语之前。
1、表示位置或次序的状语置于句首，只要满足两个条件，要用全部倒装。
①主语不是代词。②谓语动词不是及物动词。

A subway station stands in front of a huge shopping mall.
In front of a huge shopping mall stands a subway station.

造句：这家饭馆的位置非常方便，位于一家大型购物中心的正中央，在购物中心前有一座地铁站。

The restaurant is in a very convenient situation. It is located right in the center of a huge shopping mall. A subway station stands in front of the shopping mall.

The restaurant is in a very convenient situation located right in the center of a huge shopping mall in front of which stands a subway station.

Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, (原for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.

She is by no means pretty.

She‘s not a bad kid, by any means.

By no means can theory be separated from practice.

She‘s not at all happy about the current situation.

This will in no way influence our original decision.

I am no expert.

That girl is no fool.

Larry is no friend of mine.

His arguments are not remotely convincing.

On no account must you disturb me when I‘m working.

Do not on any account leave the prisoner unguarded.

I tried to convince them, but they weren‘t in the least interested.

"Was she annoyed?" "Not a bit! She was delighted."

On no condition should untrained personnel use the equipment.

Under no circumstances will we agree to splitting up the company.

把...认为...
consider … to be …
We consider this (to be) very important.

He was considered (to be) a weak leader.

将会流芳百世
will remain immortal
The name of Lei Feng will remain immortal.

将会被牢记
will always be remembered
The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.

The tragic missing of the Malaysian airliner will always be remembered.

以...来命名
sth. be named after sb.
sth. be named for sb. （美
sth. be named in honor of sb.

The college is named after / for / in honor of George Washington.

The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet.

把A和B连接在一起
join A to B
The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.

把A和B连接在一起
link A with / to B
connect A with / to B

The Great St Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.

联系起来（头脑
link A with / to B
connect A with / to B
associate A with B
relate A to B

有...的跨度(of 引出数量值)
have a span of ...
The arch has a span of 60 meters.

It has a span of 4,260 feet.
at the age of 52
an increase of 3%
a revenue of $3.4 billion
a pay raise of 4 percent
a salary of 30,000 dollars a year

The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea.

Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet.

The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.

So 放在句首 部分倒装
So long is the bridge that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.

Such
The length of the bridge is such that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.

Such is the length of the bridge that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.

Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.

做决定考虑到...
take … into account
If you take inflation into account, we actually spend less now.

We must take into account the boy’s long illness. （宾语太长、改变语序

take account of …
These figures do not take account of changes in the rate of inflation.

take … into consideration
I always take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car.

Before we come to a decision, we must take into consideration all the relevant facts.

The candidates‘ experience will be taken into consideration.

Two great towers support four huge cables.

The towers are built on immense underwater platforms make of steel and concrete.

The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.

站台、月台
The train will depart from platform 3.

讲台、舞台
The speaker mounted the platform to denounce the policy.

钢筋混凝土
ferro-concrete

The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build.

深达
extend to a depth of …
The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3,723 feet.

深达
go down to as much as …
The deepest holes of all are made for oil, and they go down to as much as 25,000 feet.

有...高
stand … high
She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.

高达
rise to a height of …
Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet.

How do I love thee?
How do I love thee?
Let me count the ways.
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height my soul can reach.
― E. B. Browning

单单是
These books alone cost me 2,000 yuan.

Time alone will tell. 时间会告诉你一切、日久见人心

Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent.
― Calvin Coolidge

花费
take (sb.) some time (to do sth.)
These alone took 16 months to build.

Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time.

It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.

The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.

Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet.

They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended.

Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire.

rise to a height of …
A tall steel tower (rising to a height of nearly 200 feet) will rest on the platform.

由...组成
Each of the four cables consists of 26,108 lengths of wire.
Each of the four cables is made up of 26,108 lengths of wire.
Each of the four cables is composed of 26,108 lengths of wire.
Each of the four cables comprises 26,108 lengths of wire.

一根
a length of rope / pipe / wire etc

一笔钱
a sum of money

一板
a bar of chocolate

一块
a bar / cake of soap

一片
a slice of butter

一个
a loaf of bread

一管
a tube of toothpaste

一个（圆锥
a cone of ice-cream

一串
a bunch of grapes / bananas

一道
a flash / bolt of lightning

一声
a peal of thunder

一阵
a gust of wind

一块（窗格
a pane of glass

一板、束
a bouquet of flowers

It has been estimated (主that (条if the bridge (虚were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity.

it is estimated that … 据估计
it is said that … 据说
it is believed that … 据信
it is reported that … 据报道

It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die.

It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.

“if” 型的虚拟语气

1、与现在事实相反。

If + S. + did / were, S. + would / should / could / might + do

If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy.

If she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants.

2、与过去事实相反

If + S. + had done, S. + would / should / could / might + have done

If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed.

If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.

3、与未来趋势相反

If + S.+ should do, S.+ would / should / could / might + do

If + S.+ did / were to do, S.+ would / should / could / might + do

If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.

If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.

If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud.

装满了、挤满了（人 / 事物
be packed with …
be crowded with …
be crammed with …
be thronged with …

The island was packed with tourists.

The narrow roads were crowded with holiday traffic.

The guide is crammed with useful information.

The streets were thronged with Christmas shoppers.

三分之一
a third of … / one-third of …

三分之二
two-thirds of …

Two-thirds of the profits are given to charities.

Three-fourths of the public say they favor a national referendum on the issue.

However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge.

Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, (结fulfilling its designer‘s dream (定to create ‘an enormous object (定drawn as faintly as possible‘.

尽管他很大
Although it is immense, …

尽管
Despite + 名词

Despite its importance, the meeting has to be postponed.

Despite its scarcity, water is still wasted in the country.

Despite his cleverness, he cannot figure out how to do it.

实现
fulfil / fulfill
fulfill / realize / achieve one’s dream

one’s dream come true

dream of doing sth. / to do sth.

He had finally achieved his dream of becoming a pilot.

Her dream to enter the famous university came true.

How Do I Love Thee?

---by Elizabeth Barrett Browning

How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.

I love thee to the depth and breadth and height

My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight

For the ends of Being and ideal Grace.

I love thee to the level of everyday‘s

Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight.

I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;

I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.

I love thee with the passion put to use

In my old griefs, and with my childhood‘s faith.

I love thee with a love I seemed to lose

With my lost saints,--I love thee with the breath,

Smiles, tears, of all my life!--and, if God choose,

I shall but love thee better after death.

新概念 3 册 Lesson17

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/mobiwusihuan288/p/13828942.html