linux系统中find命令

[root@linuxprobe test]# touch a.txt b.txt c.txt  ## 创建三个普通文件
[root@linuxprobe test]# mkdir test1 test2 test3  ## 创建三个目录
[root@linuxprobe test]# ll -h
total 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 16 22:42 a.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 16 22:42 b.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 16 22:42 c.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 16 22:42 test1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 16 22:42 test2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 16 22:42 test3

[root@linuxprobe test]# find  ##直接输入find，默认查找当前目录
.
./a.txt
./b.txt
./c.txt
./test1
./test2
./test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# find *  ## 注意和直接输入find的区别
a.txt
b.txt
c.txt
test1
test2
test3

[root@linuxprobe test]# mv b.txt test3  ## 将b.txt移动至 test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./test3  ## 指定查找的路径
./test3
./test3/b.txt

[root@linuxprobe test]# rm -rf *  ## 清空当前目录
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch {a..c}.txt  ## 创建测试文件
[root@linuxprobe test]# seq -f test%g 3 | xargs mkdir ##  创建测试文件
[root@linuxprobe test]# ll -h
total 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 16 22:49 a.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 16 22:49 b.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 16 22:49 c.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 16 22:49 test1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 16 22:49 test2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 16 22:49 test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "b.txt"  ## ./表示当前路径， -name指定查找的名称
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "test3"  ## 同上
./test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "test*"  ## 使用通配符
./test1
./test2
./test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "*.txt"  ## 使用通配符
./a.txt
./b.txt
./c.txt

[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name *.txt  ## 使用通配符不叫引号将报错
find: paths must precede expression: b.txt
Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression]
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name test*  ##同上
find: paths must precede expression: test2  
Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression]

[root@linuxprobe test]# mv b.txt test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# ls
a.txt  c.txt  test1  test2  test3
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "*.txt"  ## 当前路径下的所有目录中的txt文件都能被查找到
./a.txt
./c.txt
./test3/b.txt

[root@linuxprobe test]# rm -rf *  ##清空当前目录
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch abc.txt ABC.TXT AbC.Txt abc.txt bbb.txt CCC.txt  ##重新创建测试文件
[root@linuxprobe test]# ls
abc.txt  AbC.Txt  ABC.TXT  bbb.txt  CCC.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "abc.txt"  ##指定名称查找
./abc.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -iname "abc.txt"  ##忽略大小写
./abc.txt
./ABC.TXT
./AbC.Txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -iname "ABC.txt"  ##忽略大小写
./abc.txt
./ABC.TXT
./AbC.Txt

[root@linuxprobe test]# rm -rf *  ## 清空当前目录
[root@linuxprobe test]# mkdir -p dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4  ## 创建测试目录
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/{xxx.txt,yyy.txt} ## 创建测试文件爱你
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch dep1/dep2/dep3/{mmm.txt,nnn.txt} ## 同上
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch dep1/dep2/{ooo.txt,ppp.txt} ## 同上
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch dep1/{rrr.txt,ttt.txt} ## 同上
[root@linuxprobe test]# touch a.txt b.txt ##同上
[root@linuxprobe test]# tree  ## 查看测试数据结构
.
├── a.txt
├── b.txt
└── dep1
    ├── dep2
    │   ├── dep3
    │   │   ├── dep4
    │   │   │   ├── xxx.txt
    │   │   │   └── yyy.txt
    │   │   ├── mmm.txt
    │   │   └── nnn.txt
    │   ├── ooo.txt
    │   └── ppp.txt
    ├── rrr.txt
    └── ttt.txt

4 directories, 10 files

[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -name "*.txt"  ## 列出当前目录所有的txt文件
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/xxx.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/yyy.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -maxdepth 1 -name "*.txt"  ##最大深度为1
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -maxdepth 2 -name "*.txt"  ##最大深度为2
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -maxdepth 3 -name "*.txt"  ##最大深度为3
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -maxdepth 4 -name "*.txt" ##最大深度为4
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 1 -name "*.txt"  ##最低深度为1
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/xxx.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/yyy.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 2 -name "*.txt"  ## 最低深度为2
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/xxx.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/yyy.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 3 -name "*.txt"  ## 最低深度为3
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/xxx.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/yyy.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 4 -name "*.txt"  ## 最低深度为4
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/xxx.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/yyy.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 5 -name "*.txt"  ## 最低深度为5
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/xxx.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/dep4/yyy.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 6 -name "*.txt"  ## 最低深度为6
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 2 -maxdepth 4 -name "*.txt"  ##最低深度为2，同时最大深度为4
./dep1/dep2/dep3/mmm.txt
./dep1/dep2/dep3/nnn.txt
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt
[root@linuxprobe test]# find ./ -mindepth 2 -maxdepth 3 -name "*.txt"  ## 最低深度为2，同时最大深度为3
./dep1/dep2/ooo.txt
./dep1/dep2/ppp.txt
./dep1/rrr.txt
./dep1/ttt.txt