一、写作概述
做题时间分配以及做题顺序
写作(40分钟结束)、阅读理解(一篇文章20-25分钟,4篇90分钟左右)、新题型(15分钟)、翻译(20分钟结束)、完型(15分钟)
1.写作题型
大作文:图表、图画(160-200词,18行左右最合适,25分钟结束)
小作文:
应用文:私人书信、公务书信、告示(10行左右,包括称呼和落款,15分钟必须结束)
2.评分原则和方法
黄金原则1:
书写工整,卷面整洁,字迹清晰
黄金原则2:
语言第一:单词、语法正确、准确、多变。(不要出现单词错误,拼写错误、别自创词)
结构第二:
1.三段论
2.写作中,只要上下句之间有逻辑关系,就一定要用逻辑关系词
3.多用代词代替已经出现过的名词
内容第三:内容一点都不重要,但是不能跑题。
3.考研写作常见问题
语域问题(语言的正式性和非正式性)
a.缩写词非正式(I‘m can‘t 都是非正式的,不能用)
b.泛指的不定代词 you 在正式文体中要写成 one
you never know what measures the president will take
c.正式问题引导词that不能省略(都不省略就行了)
d.插入语使句子更具正式性
二、写作满分句型和单词替换
1.简单句
a.被动:只要在作文中听到我们、人们、大家、许多人、越来越多的人等人或人称代词做主语的时候都可以考虑写成被动
我们应该孝敬父母:parents should be respected by us
单词替换:
parents: superiors、the elderly、senior citizens
should: ought to、be supposed to、be obliged to(具有法律上的强制性)
we、us、people: (Humans beings、private individuals、the folks、the masses)(土、不准确)
children、kids(小孩)、offspring(单复同型)、descendant(s)
youngsters and teenagers、youngsters on campus、undergraduates
experts and professors
all children and adults
men and women in all walks(各行各业的男男女女们)
customers
替换后的句子:the elderly are supposed to be respected by their descendants.
我们不应该盲目追星:Stars ought not to be pursued blindly by teenagers and youngsters
单词替换:
Not: never、by no means、under no circumstances、fail to
本句型推荐使用在第一段的最后一句话,引出文章中心的时候使用,或者是第三段的第一句话,文章总结的时候使用
污染很严重:Pollution is thought very serious by an increasing number of experts and professors
单词替换:
think: assume、contend、cling to the perspective that、have benn convinced that
very:extraordinarly、strikingly、enormously
serious: grave、severe、fearful、fatal、be of great severty
b.there be 句型 换成 there seem(有)。本句型推荐写在作文第二段的第一句话,引出原因分析的时候使用
there seem many reasons to explain/explaining my idea //seem的主语是many reasons,所有是复数
单词替换:
many: a sea of、an ocean of、a multitude of、a train of(一系列的,许多的)、an army of、immense amounts of、innumerable
reasons: causes、Factors、elements
explain: account for(解释、解释...的愿意)、contirbute to
idea: Persepective、Viewpoint
there is strong evidence to show that 有确凿的证据显示
there is a growing worldwlde awareness around the world that = more and more people think that
c.比较结构
as...as... 和...一样 推荐写在形容词或副词的地方,后面用which引导的定语从句进一步描述,但是推荐写在第一句的最后一句话,引出文章中心的时候使用或者是第三段的第一句话,文章总结的时候使用。
例句:Liu is beautiful.
改写:Liu is as beautiful as a white lily,whilch manage to catch the eyes of a host of teenagers and youngsters.
单词替换:
be: 现在进行时的be动词不能替换
所有的感官动词都可以替换be动词 : look、smell、taste、feel、sound
seem、appear、prove
became、get
keep、remain
beautiful: attractive、graceful
练习:自信很重要
confidence proves as important as an aggressive heart , which play a essential part in one‘s life.
污染很严重:
Pollution proves as serious as earthquakes,which have threatened the health of helpless natives or even taken their lives away.(自己改写)
the more... the more 句型: 越...样,越...样
the higher one climbs,the farther he will see.(the + adj/adv的比较级+句子,the +adj/adv的比较级+句子)(主将从现)
越努力,越幸运
the harder youngsters on campus keep,the more fortunate they will become.
本句型推荐写在文章的第二段,分析原因的时候使用
文化交流的越频繁,经济发展的越迅速
the more frequently cultures are exchanged, the more rapidly economy will develop/advance.
2.并列句
1.And/But句型
and替换:simultaneously、at the same time
but替换: conversely、by contrast
描述图画的分类:
a.一幅图:只要是一幅图,之分成两种情况:一个主题两个动作/两个主题两个动作
b.两幅图
图表作文:一幅图,两个主题,两个动作(无论多少个数据,只描述最高最低部分)
And/But句型推荐写在作文第一段,描述一幅图两个主题两个动作的时候使用或者是两幅图的时候使用
描述图画都用现在进行时,给人的感觉很生动
例:守门员把自己想象的很渺小,踢球的把他想的很高大
In the picture , the goal-keeper is imaging himself as small as ant,by contrast, the soccer player is assuming his rival outstandingly giant (这句话最多7分,没有定语状语)
作业:描述温室里的花朵不能经受风雨这篇作文+国产车日本车那篇作文
picture的替换:Painting,photograph
2.Not Only... But also句型
Raising pets can not only reduce the loneliness of senior citizens, but also can cultivate the loving heart of kids.
例:为什么孝敬父母
Respecting the elderly not only keeps a chinese conventional virtue,but also proves the responsibility of their offspring.
本句型推荐写在第二段,分析原因的时候使用
例:盲目追星的坏处
Pursing celebrities blindly not only exerts great influence on the study of teenages on campus ,but also proves a waste of their time and youth.
3.复合句
主语从句
例:that you never fail to fascinate me is obvious. 我爱你显而易见
1.It...that...
本句型可以写在作文中任何一句话的前面,用来拉长句子,但是推荐写在第一段第一句话的前面,用来引出描述图画或者图标。
It is universally acknowledged that。。。
更好的主语从句的变体是:把it变成what,在that前面加is.
what is universally acknowledged is that...
同位语和同位语从句
1.名词做同位语
a boy,a crazy footable fan, is writing the name, an important symbol of someone, of beckham, a worldwide famous star , on his face , some part of the body.(所有名词都可以加同位语)
只要在作文中见到名词,原则上都可以在他的后面再加一个名词,作为它的同位语出现,但是一篇作文做多出现两次。
2.同位语从句
例:她长着一副大眼睛这个事实表面她是一个美女。
The evidence that she wears a pair of big eyes manifests that she looks like a beauty.
例;很多女生已经穿上了漂亮的花裙子这个事实表面夏天已经来了
The evidence that a sea of girls have worn colorful skirts manefests that summer is around the corner secretly.
本句型推荐写在作文的第二段,分析原因的时候使用,它的模板是 the evidence that +一个表示原因的简单句+manifests that + 文章的结论句。
例:我们再也见不到满天的繁星和皎洁的月光了这个事实表面污染已经很严重了
The evidence that a heaven of bright stars and pure moonlights fail to be detected by urban kids manifests that pollution becomes increasingly fearful in our contemporary society.
例:城市化进程?
The evidence that rural migrants workers enable their children to enjoy better education there manifests that more of them tend to swarm into cities and towns.
4.英语特殊句型
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/foodie-nils/p/13911020.html