ls -d /sys/class/net/*/device | cut -d/ -f5
或者：
find /sys/class/net -type l -not -lname ‘*virtual*‘ -printf ‘%f\n‘ iwifconfig
代码示例：
# 查询所有物理网卡 def _query_net_card_info(if_name): net_card_info = { "mac": "", "type": "eth", "ip": "", "netmask": "", } try: net_info = netifaces.ifaddresses(if_name) except ValueError: logger.error("No such interface: %s" % if_name) return net_card_info # 如果为无线网卡，将修改网卡类型为wlan if if_name in common.cmd_excute("iw dev | awk ‘$1==\"Interface\" {print $2}‘"): net_card_info["type"] = "wlan" net_card_info["mac"] = net_info[netifaces.AF_LINK][0]["addr"].upper() ipv4_info = net_info.get(netifaces.AF_INET) if ipv4_info: net_card_info["ip"] = ipv4_info[0]["addr"] net_card_info["netmask"] = ipv4_info[0]["netmask"] return net_card_info @staticmethod def query_net_cards(): """ { "enp2s0": // 接口名称 { "mac": "98:FA:9B:99:E5:6A", // MAC地址 "type": "eth", // 接口类型，eth-有线网卡, wlan-无线网卡 "ip": "192.168.2.90", // 接口当前IP "netmask": "255.255.255.0", // 接口掩码 "dns":"192.168.2.1", // dns服务器ip "gateway": "192.168.2.1" // 网管地址 }, "wlan0": { "mac": "98:FA:9B:99:E5:6A", // MAC地址 "type": "wlan", // 接口类型，eth-有线网卡, wlan-无线网卡 "ip": "", // 接口当前IP "netmask": "", // 接口掩码 "dns":"192.168.2.1", // dns服务器ip "gateway": "192.168.2.1" // 网管地址 } } """ net_cards = dict() # 获取所有物理网卡名称 command = "ls -d /sys/class/net/*/device | cut -d/ -f5" interfaces = common.cmd_excute(command) # 获取dns服务器ip dns_path = ‘/etc/resolv.conf‘ dns_list = [] if os.path.exists(dns_path): dns_list = common.cmd_excute("cat %s|grep ^nameserver|awk ‘{print $2}‘" % dns_path, b_print=False) # 获取网管地址 gateways = netifaces.gateways().get(‘default‘).get(netifaces.AF_INET) for interface in interfaces: net_card = Network._query_net_card_info(if_name=interface) net_card["dns"] = dns_list if dns_list else "" net_card["gateway"] = gateways[0] if gateways else "" net_cards[interface] = net_card return net_cards
扫描无线网络:
通过iwlist 命令获取，需要解析命令行输出：
iwlist wlan0 scan
或，通过python库 wifi解析：
def query_wifi_ssids(wifi_if): import wifi import codecs ssid_list = [] try: common.cmd_excute("ifconfig %s up" % wifi_if) cell_list = wifi.Cell.all(wifi_if) except wifi.exceptions.InterfaceError as e: # 可能非Wifi接口 logger.error("_get_wireless_ssid_list exception: %s" % traceback.format_exc()) return ssid_list for cell in cell_list: ssid_list.append( { "ssid": codecs.utf_8_decode(cell.ssid)[0].encode(‘utf-8‘), "mac": cell.address, "encrypted": cell.encrypted, "quality": cell.quality, # "signal": cell.signal, } ) return ssid_list
返回数据示例：
[ { "ssid": "leifeng_2", // 无线网络SSID "mac": "58:D9:D5:D3:FB:01", // 无线接入点MAC "enctypted": True， // 是否加密 "quality": cell.quality //信号强度 }, { "ssid": "leifeng_2_5G", "mac": "58:D9:D5:D3:FB:05", "enctypted": True， "quality": cell.quality } ]
# 配置无线网络: wpa_passphrase "leifeng_2" "radeon123" > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf # leifeng_2网络名称 radeon123 wifi密码 # 连接无线网络: wpa_supplicant -B -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf & # -B后台执行
# 代码示例 def connect_wifi(net_card, ssid, password, static_ip=""): """连接wifi""" wifi_conf_command = ‘wpa_passphrase "%s" "%s" > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf‘ % (ssid, password) common.cmd_excute(wifi_conf_command) wifi_conn_command = ‘wpa_supplicant -i %s -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -B > /tmp/wifi_conn.txt‘ % net_card logger.debug("Start wifi connection: %s " % wifi_conn_command) common.cmd_excute(wifi_conn_command) if not static_ip: # flush flush_command = "ip addr flush dev %s" % net_card common.cmd_excute(flush_command) # 自动分配ip地址 auto_command = "dhclient %s" % net_card common.cmd_excute(auto_command) else: # 配置静态ip manual_common = "ifconfig %s %s" %(net_card,static_ip) common.cmd_excute(manual_common) for i in range(10): wifi_status_command = "cat /sys/class/net/{}/operstate".format(net_card) wifi_status_process = subprocess.Popen(wifi_status_command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True) if wifi_status_process.stdout.readline() == "up": logger.debug("wifi %s connection success") % ssid break time.sleep(1) else: wifi_result_command = "cat /tmp/wifi_conn.txt | grep reason=WRONG_KEY" wifi_result_process = subprocess.Popen(wifi_result_command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True) if wifi_result_process.stdout.readline(): logger.debug("wifi %s connection fail,password error") % ssid return False,"password error" logger.debug("wifi %s connection timeout") % ssid return False,"connect timeout" return True,"success"
定义common.py文件，
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2020/11/11 下午3:21 import subprocess def shell_excute(rsyncStr, shell=False, b_print=True): p = subprocess.Popen(rsyncStr, shell=shell, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) output = "".join(p.communicate()) return output def cmd_excute(command, b_trip=True, b_print=True): ret_list = [] cmd_ret = shell_excute(command, shell=True, b_print=b_print).splitlines() if b_trip: for sline in cmd_ret: if len(sline.strip()) != 0: ret_list.append(sline.strip()) else: ret_list = cmd_ret return ret_list
python操作 linux连接wifi，查看wifi连接状态方法
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/caijunchao/p/13974057.html