分区表和分桶表

（1）引入分区表
/user/hive/warehouse/log_partition/20200702
/user/hive/warehouse/log_partition/20200703
/user/hive/warehouse/log_partition/20200704

（2）创建分区表
create external table dept_partition(
username string,
fullname string)
partitioned by(month string)
row format delimited fields terminated by ‘,‘   
lines terminated by ‘\n‘;

（3）加载数据导入分区
load data local inpath "/opt/module/datas/dept.txt" into table dept_partition partition(month="20200702");
load data local inpath "/opt/module/datas/dept.txt" into table dept_partition partition(month="20200703");
load data local inpath "/opt/module/datas/dept.txt" into table dept_partition partition(month="20200704");

（4）结果
/user/hive/warehouse/log_partition/20200702/20200702.log
/user/hive/warehouse/log_partition/20200703/20200703.log
/user/hive/warehouse/log_partition/20200704/20200704.log

（5）查询
select * from dept_partition where month="20200702";


(6)增加分区(多个分区用空格)
alter table dept_partition add partition(month="20200702")

alter table dept_partition add partition(month="20200702") partition(month="20200703")

(7)删除分区（多个分区用逗号）
alter table dept_partition drop partition(month="20200702")
alter table dept_partition drop partition(month="20200702"),partition(month="20200703")

(8)查看分区
show partitions dept_partition;

(9)查看分区表结构
desc formatted dept_partition;