ALTER TABLE
tbl_name[alter_option[,alter_option] ...] [partition_options]alter_option: {table_options| ADD [COLUMN]col_namecolumn_definition[FIRST | AFTERcol_name] | ADD [COLUMN] (col_namecolumn_definition,...) | ADD {INDEX | KEY} [index_name] [index_type] (key_part,...) [index_option] ... | ADD {FULLTEXT | SPATIAL} [INDEX | KEY] [index_name] (key_part,...) [index_option] ... | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (key_part,...) [index_option] ... | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX | KEY] [index_name] [index_type] (key_part,...) [index_option] ... | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY [index_name] (col_name,...)reference_definition| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] CHECK (expr) [[NOT] ENFORCED] | DROP {CHECK | CONSTRAINT}symbol| ALTER {CHECK | CONSTRAINT}symbol[NOT] ENFORCED | ALGORITHM [=] {DEFAULT | INSTANT | INPLACE | COPY} | ALTER [COLUMN]col_name{ SET DEFAULT {literal| (expr)} | SET {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE} | DROP DEFAULT } | ALTER INDEXindex_name{VISIBLE | INVISIBLE} | CHANGE [COLUMN]old_col_namenew_col_namecolumn_definition[FIRST | AFTERcol_name] | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=]charset_name[COLLATE [=]collation_name] | CONVERT TO CHARACTER SETcharset_name[COLLATEcollation_name] | {DISABLE | ENABLE} KEYS | {DISCARD | IMPORT} TABLESPACE | DROP [COLUMN]col_name| DROP {INDEX | KEY}index_name| DROP PRIMARY KEY | DROP FOREIGN KEYfk_symbol| FORCE | LOCK [=] {DEFAULT | NONE | SHARED | EXCLUSIVE} | MODIFY [COLUMN]col_namecolumn_definition[FIRST | AFTERcol_name] | ORDER BYcol_name[,col_name] ... | RENAME COLUMNold_col_nameTOnew_col_name| RENAME {INDEX | KEY}old_index_nameTOnew_index_name| RENAME [TO | AS]new_tbl_name| {WITHOUT | WITH} VALIDATION }partition_options:partition_option[partition_option] ...partition_option: { ADD PARTITION (partition_definition) | DROP PARTITIONpartition_names| DISCARD PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} TABLESPACE | IMPORT PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} TABLESPACE | TRUNCATE PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} | COALESCE PARTITIONnumber| REORGANIZE PARTITIONpartition_namesINTO (partition_definitions) | EXCHANGE PARTITIONpartition_nameWITH TABLEtbl_name[{WITH | WITHOUT} VALIDATION] | ANALYZE PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} | CHECK PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} | OPTIMIZE PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} | REBUILD PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} | REPAIR PARTITION {partition_names| ALL} | REMOVE PARTITIONING }key_part: {col_name[(length)] | (expr)} [ASC | DESC]index_type: USING {BTREE | HASH}index_option: { KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=]value|index_type| WITH PARSERparser_name| COMMENT ‘string‘ | {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE} }table_options:table_option[[,]table_option] ...table_option: { AUTOEXTEND_SIZE [=]value| AUTO_INCREMENT [=]value| AVG_ROW_LENGTH [=]value| [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=]charset_name| CHECKSUM [=] {0 | 1} | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=]collation_name| COMMENT [=] ‘string‘ | COMPRESSION [=] {‘ZLIB‘ | ‘LZ4‘ | ‘NONE‘} | CONNECTION [=] ‘connect_string‘ | {DATA | INDEX} DIRECTORY [=] ‘absolute path to directory‘ | DELAY_KEY_WRITE [=] {0 | 1} | ENCRYPTION [=] {‘Y‘ | ‘N‘} | ENGINE [=]engine_name| ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE [=] ‘string‘ | INSERT_METHOD [=] { NO | FIRST | LAST } | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=]value| MAX_ROWS [=]value| MIN_ROWS [=]value| PACK_KEYS [=] {0 | 1 | DEFAULT} | PASSWORD [=] ‘string‘ | ROW_FORMAT [=] {DEFAULT | DYNAMIC | FIXED | COMPRESSED | REDUNDANT | COMPACT} | SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE [=] ‘string‘ | STATS_AUTO_RECALC [=] {DEFAULT | 0 | 1} | STATS_PERSISTENT [=] {DEFAULT | 0 | 1} | STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES [=]value| TABLESPACEtablespace_name[STORAGE {DISK | MEMORY}] | UNION [=] (tbl_name[,tbl_name]...) }partition_options: (seeCREATE TABLEoptions)
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] [INTO]tbl_name[PARTITION (partition_name[,partition_name] ...)] [(col_name[,col_name] ...)] { {VALUES | VALUE} (value_list) [, (value_list)] ... | VALUESrow_constructor_list} [ASrow_alias[(col_alias[,col_alias] ...)]] [ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATEassignment_list] INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] [INTO]tbl_name[PARTITION (partition_name[,partition_name] ...)] [ASrow_alias[(col_alias[,col_alias] ...)]] SETassignment_list[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATEassignment_list] INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] [INTO]tbl_name[PARTITION (partition_name[,partition_name] ...)] [(col_name[,col_name] ...)] [ASrow_alias[(col_alias[,col_alias] ...)]] {SELECT ... | TABLEtable_name} [ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATEassignment_list]value: {expr| DEFAULT}value_list:value[,value] ...row_constructor_list: ROW(value_list)[, ROW(value_list)][, ...]assignment:col_name= [row_alias.]valueassignment_list:assignment[,assignment] ...
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/ios9/p/14179518.html