解决方法：
在hive/conf/hive-env.sh文件中，加入下面的内容，问题得以解决：
export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -XX:PermSize=512M -XX:MaxPermSize=1024M"
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:449)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:71)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.common.FileUtils.deleteDirectory(FileUtils.java:777)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.close(SessionState.java:1514)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliSessionState.close(CliSessionState.java:66)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:717)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:641)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Exception in thread "Thread-10" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:449)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:71)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
at jline.console.history.MemoryHistory.entries(MemoryHistory.java:152)
at jline.console.history.MemoryHistory.entries(MemoryHistory.java:156)
at jline.console.history.MemoryHistory.iterator(MemoryHistory.java:160)
at jline.console.history.FileHistory.flush(FileHistory.java:89)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver$10.run(CliDriver.java:817)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/hzcoucou/article/details/60956673
hive报错Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/-courage/p/14341476.html