GUI编程

GUI编程

GUI的核心技术: Swing AWT

1.因为界面不美观

2.需要jre环境！

为什么我们要学习？

1. 可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具

2. 工作时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率极小！

3. 了解MVC架构，了解监听！

组件

• 窗口

• 弹窗

• 面版

• 文本框

• 列表框

• 按钮

• 图片

• 监听事件

• 鼠标

• 键盘事件

• 外挂 Java

• 破解工具

AWT

Awt介绍

1.包含了很多类和接口！ GUI：图形用户和界面 Eeclipse:java

2.元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

3.Java.awt

组件和容器：大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听！

1.Frame

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame，JDK，看源码！
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");
        //设置窗口大小w h
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置背景颜色 color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(85,150,68));
        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

问题：发现窗口关闭不掉，停止Java程序运行！

尝试回顾封装

2.面板Panel

Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中

解决了关闭事件

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念面板
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(40,161,35));
        //panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(193,15,60));
        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

布局管理器

流式布局

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        //设置为流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//中
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));//左
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));//右
        frame.setSize(200,200);
        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

东西南北中

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button east = new Button("East");//东
        Button west = new Button("WEST");//西
        Button south = new Button("South");//南
        Button north = new Button("North");//北
        Button center = new Button("Center");//中
        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局 Grid

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
        frame.pack();//java函数
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

事件监听

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        //文本框
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //网络编程，按下！
    }
    //关闭窗体的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

输入框TextField 监听

public class TestTest01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动!
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar(‘*‘);
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");//null ""
    }
}

画笔

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame {
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //super.paint(g);
        //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        //g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆
        //g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);//实心矩形
        //养成习惯，画笔用完，将他还原到最初的颜色
    }
}

鼠标监听

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        setVisible(true);
        //鼠标监听器，正对窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标  按下，弹起，按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame)e.getSource();
            //这里我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            frame.repaint();//刷新 30帧  60帧
        }
    }
}

窗口监听

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {
//                    @Override
//                    public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {//打开的时候
//                        System.out.println("windowOpened");
//                    }
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {//正在关闭中
                        System.out.println("windowClosing");//关闭窗口
                        System.exit(0);
                    }
//                    @Override
//                    public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {//已经关闭掉
//                        System.out.println("windowClosed");
//                    }
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {//窗口激活
                        WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame)e.getSource();
                        source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("windowActivated");
                    }
                }
        );
    }
//    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
//        @Override
//        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//            setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
//            System.exit(0);//正常退出
//        }
//    }
}

键盘监听

//键
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘下的键是哪一个
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下的不同操作，产生不同的结果
            }
        });
    }
}

Swing

窗口、面板

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJFrame2().init();
    }
}
class MyJFrame2 extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(10,10,200,300);
        this.setVisible(true);
        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到");
        this.add(label);
        //让文本标签居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //获得一个容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
    }
}

弹窗

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {//extends 继承
    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame 放东西，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(button);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//关闭默认操作
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        container.add(new Label("秦老师带你学Java"));
    }
}

标签

//图标需要实现类，JFrame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;
    public IconDemo(){}//无参构造
    public IconDemo(int width,int height){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }
    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上！
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }
    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {//画图标
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }
    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }
    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

面板

JPanel

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 3));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎学习狂神说Java");
        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

按钮

单选按钮

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组，一个组中只能选择一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton01);
        group.add(radioButton02);
        group.add(radioButton03);
        //add
        container.add(radioButton01,BorderLayout.CENTER);//中
        container.add(radioButton02,BorderLayout.NORTH);//北
        container.add(radioButton03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);//南
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
        //add
        container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);//北
        container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);//南
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

列表

下拉框

//下拉框
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");
        container.add(status);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame{
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //生成列表得内容 稀疏数组，压缩数据
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        contents.add("zhangsan");
        contents.add("lisi");
        contents.add("wangwu");
        container.add(jList);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景

• 下拉框，选择地区或者一些单个选项，

• 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容！

文本框

文本框

public class TestTestDemo01 extends JFrame{
    public TestTestDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);
        container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTestDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

public class TestTestDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTestDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //面板
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//*****
        passwordField.setEchoChar(‘*‘);
        container.add(passwordField);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTestDemo02();
    }
}

GUI编程

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/linhtx212318293/p/14608148.html