1.xlwt模块:
1.1 用来处理excel,可以设置字体,列宽、颜色、字体居中等等。
1.2.常用的函数
1.文件写入数据 import xlwt book = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = book.add_sheet("sheet1") # sheet.write(0,0,"id") # sheet.write(1,0,"1") # book.save("test.xls") #结尾用xlsx的话,用office打开有问题,wps打开没问题 title = ["id","name","sex","city"] students = [ [1,"曾一天","男","北京"], [2,"李二松","男","北京"], [3,"candy","女","深圳"], [4,"刘三佩","女","北京"], ] students.insert(0,title) # row = 0 #行号 # for student in students: #控制行 # col = 0 # 列号 # for value in student: #控制列 # sheet.write(row,col,value) # col+=1 # row+=1 for row,student in enumerate(students): for col,value in enumerate(student): sheet.write(row,col,value) book.save("test.xls")
2.字体设置
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = ‘ascii‘)
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Worksheet‘)
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化样式
font = xlwt.Font() # 为样式创建字体
font.name = ‘Times New Roman‘
font.bold = True # 黑体
font.underline = True # 下划线
font.italic = True # 斜体字
style.font = font # 设定样式
worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Unformatted value‘) # 不带样式的写入
worksheet.write(1, 0, ‘Formatted value‘, style) # 带样式的写入
workbook.save(‘formatting.xls‘) # 保存文件
3.设置单元格宽度
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
worksheet.write(0, 0,‘My Cell Contents‘)
# 设置单元格宽度
worksheet.col(0).width = 3333
workbook.save(‘cell_width.xls‘)
4.输入一个日期到单元格:
import xlwt
import datetime
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
style = xlwt.XFStyle()
style.num_format_str = ‘M/D/YY‘ # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0
worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style)
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
5.向单元格添加一个公式:
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5
worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2
worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula(‘A1*B1‘)) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2])
worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula(‘SUM(A1,B1)‘)) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2])
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
6.向单元格添加一个超链接:
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula(‘HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")‘)) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
7.合并列和行:
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, ‘First Merge‘) # Merges row 0‘s columns 0 through 3.
font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font
font.bold = True # Set font to Bold
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style
worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, ‘Second Merge‘, style) # Merges row 1 through 2‘s columns 0 through 3.
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
8.设置单元格内容的对其方式:
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment
alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED
alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style)
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
9.为单元格议添加边框:
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders
borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
#DASHED虚线
#NO_LINE没有
#THIN实线
# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.
borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.left_colour = 0x40
borders.right_colour = 0x40
borders.top_colour = 0x40
borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style)
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
10.为单元格设置背景色:
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)
pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern
style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style)
workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)
2.faker模块:
2.1 用来创建伪数据,无需手动生成或者手写随机数来生成数据,可以利用faker完成伪造大量测试数据的工作
2.2 常用函数:
import faker f = faker.Faker(locale="zh_CN") print(dir(f)) print(f.name()) #随机姓名 print(f.address()) #随机街道 print(f.city()) #随城市 print(f.chrome()) #随机姓名 print(f.date_time()) #随机时间 print(f.user_name()) #用户名 print(f.street_address()) #街道 print(f.phone_number()) #手机号 print(f.credit_card_full()) #全的信用卡信息 print(f.credit_card_number()) #信用卡 print(f.free_email()) #邮箱 print(f.ipv4()) #ip地址 print(f.ipv6()) #ip地址 print(f.name_female()) #女名字 print(f.name_male()) #男名字 print(f.ssn()) #身份证号 #常用函数链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/aichixigua12/p/13236092.html
3.hashlib模块
3.1 hashlib主要提供字符加密功能,将md5和sha模块整合到了一起,支持md5,sha1, sha224, sha256, sha384, sha512等算法
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/murongmengfei/p/14808996.html