mysql5.7安装

整理一下mysql5.7的安装，安装基本与之前的mysql5.6保持一致，但是会有一些不同，来介绍一下！

整理一下安装mysql的步骤，大致如下：

• 解压压缩包（二进制免编译压缩包）
• 修改压缩包名字
• 创建mysql用户和用户组（组也可以不创建）
• 创建datadir目录
• 初始化数据库
• 修改启动脚本文件，5.7.22版本好像没有默认配置文件。
• 启动mysql

安装过程如下：

#解压文件包
tar?zxvf?mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
#修改文件包名字并移动位置
mv?mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64?/usr/local/mysql
#创建mysql用户
useradd?-M?mysql
#创建数据库目录
mkdir?/data/mysql
#修改mysql目录的用户主和用户组
chown?-R?mysql:mysql?/data/mysql
#安装mysql[root@test3?mysql]#?./bin/mysql_install_db?--user=mysql?--datadir=/data/mysql2018-07-18?19:21:28?[WARNING]?mysql_install_db?is?deprecated.?Please?consider?switching?to?mysqld?--initialize#报警告提示，使用如下方式初始化[root@test3?mysql]#?./bin/mysqld?--initialize?--user=mysql?--datadir=/data/mysql./bin/mysqld:?error?while?loading?shared?libraries:?libnuma.so.1:?cannot?open?shared?object?file:?No?such?file?or?directory
#安装时报错，可以使用安装如下文件包
yum?-y?install?numactl.x86_64
#初始化如下[root@test3?mysql]#?./bin/mysqld?--initialize?--user=mysql?--datadir=/data/mysql2018-07-18T11:24:17.639719Z?0?[Warning]?TIMESTAMP?with?implicit?DEFAULT?value?is?deprecated.?Please?use?--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp?server?option?(see?documentation?for?more?details).2018-07-18T11:24:18.757337Z?0?[Warning]?InnoDB:?New?log?files?created,?LSN=457902018-07-18T11:24:18.939043Z?0?[Warning]?InnoDB:?Creating?foreign?key?constraint?system?tables.2018-07-18T11:24:19.007577Z?0?[Warning]?No?existing?UUID?has?been?found,?so?we?assume?that?this?is?the?first?time?that?this?server?has?been?started.?Generating?a?new?UUID:?1c981b1a-8a7d-11e8-98d1-fa336351fc00.2018-07-18T11:24:19.009188Z?0?[Warning]?Gtid?table?is?not?ready?to?be?used.?Table?‘mysql.gtid_executed‘?cannot?be?opened.2018-07-18T11:24:19.010028Z?1?[Note]?A?temporary?password?is?generated?for?root@localhost:?ASB=D_(8zN?d
#注意最后一行，有一个临时密码设置
#拷贝启动脚本
cp?-p?support-files/mysql.server?/etc/init.d/mysqld
#修改mysqld文件
sed?-i?"s/^datadir=/datadir=\/data\/mysql/"?/etc/init.d/mysqld
#启动mysql[root@test3?mysql]#?service?mysqld?start
Starting?MySQL.Logging?to?‘/data/mysql/test3.err‘.
?SUCCESS!?
#然后进入shell交互界面[root@test3?mysql]#?mysql?-uroot?-p
Enter?password:?
Welcome?to?the?MySQL?monitor.??Commands?end?with?;?or?\g.
Your?MySQL?connection?id?is?3Server?version:?5.7.22Copyright?(c)?2000,?2018,?Oracle?and/or?its?affiliates.?All?rights?reserved.

Oracle?is?a?registered?trademark?of?Oracle?Corporation?and/or?its
affiliates.?Other?names?may?be?trademarks?of?their?respective
owners.

Type?‘help;‘?or?‘\h‘?for?help.?Type?‘\c‘?to?clear?the?current?input?statement.

mysql>show?databases;
ERROR?1820?(HY000):?You?must?reset?your?password?using?ALTER?USER?statement?before?executing?this?statement.
#mysql5.7要求必须更改密码，然后才可以正常使用。
mysql>?alter?user?"root"@"localhost"?identified?by?"123qwE#!";
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.00?sec)
#mysql已经可以正常使用
mysql>?show?databases;?
+--------------------+|?Database???????????|+--------------------+|?information_schema?||?mysql??????????????||?performance_schema?||?sys????????????????|+--------------------+4?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec)

mysql>

新给定的临时密码是有一定的期限的，若过长时间不修改密码，再登录，则会出现如下错误！

[root@test1?mysql]#?mysql?-uroot?-p
Enter?password:?
ERROR?1862?(HY000):?Your?password?has?expired.?To?log?in?you?must?change?it?using?a?client?that?supports?expired?passwords.[root@test1?mysql]#

这时候可以使用mysqladmin修改密码，如下：

[root@test1?mysql]#?./bin/mysqladmin?-uroot?-p?password
Enter?password:?
New?password:?
Confirm?new?password:?
Warning:?Since?password?will?be?sent?to?server?in?plain?text,?use?ssl?connection?to?ensure?password?safety.[root@test1?mysql]#

在初始化的时候，若是不想mysql自己设置密码，可以使用参数--initialize-inscure来初始化。

mysqld?--initialize-insecure?--datadir=/data/mysql?--user=mysql

需要注意一点的是，mysql5.7在安装时会自动在/etc/my.cnf下创建配置文件，因此不需要再拷贝，但是需要修改数据库文件中目录位置，配置文件如下：

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
#?Disabling?symbolic-links?is?recommended?to?prevent?assorted?security?risks
symbolic-links=0[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/test.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

mysql5.7默认配置文件

mysql5.7的安装脚本如下：

#!/bin/bash
#mysql5.7安装脚本
mysql_v=mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
print_str()?{????echo?-e?"\033[31;33;1m?$1?\033[0m"}

check_ok()?{????if?[?$??!=?0?];?then
????????echo?"Some?error?happend,?please?check?it"
????fi???????}

print_str?"判断mysql安装包是否存在"sleep?1cd?/usr/local/src
mysql_file=${mysql_v}.tar.gzif?[?-f?${mysql_file}?];?then
????print_str?"解压安装包"
????tar?-zxvf?${mysql_file}
????check_ok
????print_str?"移动备份文件"
????mv?${mysql_v}?/usr/local/mysql
????check_okelse
???print_str?"请下载数据库包文件"?fi??sleep?2print_str?"关闭selinux和iptables"#关闭防火墙
iptables?-F
service?iptables?save
#关闭selinux
selinux1=`getenforce`if?[?$selinux1?!=?0?];then
????setenforce?0
????sed?-i?‘s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/‘?/etc/selinux/config
????check_okfisleep?2print_str?"创建mysql用户"if?!?grep?-q?"mysql"?/etc/passwd;?then
????useradd?-M?mysql
????check_okelse
???print_str?"mysql用户已经存在"fisleep?2print_str?"创建数据库目录"if?[?-d?/data/mysql?];?then
????#删除原来的目录，或者备份原来的目录，这里选择备份????mv?/data/mysql?/data/mysql.bak????mkdir?-p?/data/mysqlelse
????mkdir?-p?/data/mysql?
fisleep?2print_str?"更改目录权限"chown?-R?mysql:mysql?/data/mysql
check_ok

print_str?"检查是否安装gcc编译器和依赖包"for?pak?in?gcc?numactl?libaio?libaio-devel?pcre-devel?zlib-develdo
????if?!?rpm?-qa?${pak}?>>?/dev/null;?then
????????print_str?${pak}?has?installed!!????else
???????yum?install?-y?${pak}?>&?/dev/null
???????sleep?1
???????check_ok????fidoneprint_str?"初始化数据库"#mysql5.7的初始化命令之前版本的初始化命令不一样
cd?/usr/local/mysql
./bin/mysqld?--initialize?--user=mysql?--datadir=/data/mysql?>&?/tmp/mysql.txt
check_oksleep?2pwd=`grep?"temporary?password"?/tmp/mysql.txt??|awk?‘{print?$NF}‘`
check_ok
#mysql5.7初始化的时候会自动设置一个密码，这里我们提取出这个密码
print_str?"数据库的初始化密码为?${pwd}"sleep?2print_str?"设置启动脚本"cp?-p?support-files/mysql.server?/etc/init.d/mysqld
check_oksed?-i?"s/^datadir=/datadir=\/data\/mysql/"?/etc/init.d/mysqld
check_oksleep?2print_str?"修改数据库配置文件"#mysql5.7会在/etc/下面创建my.cnf配置文件，因此不需要再拷贝，但是需要修改其文件目录
#若是没有配置文件可以自己拷贝一个，if?[?-f?/etc/my.cnf?];?then
????mv?/etc/my.cnf??/etc/my.cnf.bakfi#默认配置文件有很少的配置，我们直接写入cat?>?/etc/my.cnf?<<EOF
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
#?Disabling?symbolic-links?is?recommended?to?prevent?assorted?security?risks
symbolic-links=0[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/test.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
EOF

#启动数据库，并且添加环境变量
service?mysqld?start
check_okecho?PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin?>>?/etc/profile.d/mysql.shsource?/etc/profile
check_ok
#删除中间文件rm?-f?/tmp/mysql.txtecho?-e?"\033[31;35;1m?mysql5.7需要强制修改密码，请尽快修改密码\033[0m"

mysql5.7安装脚本

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