paramiko是一个用于做远程控制的模块，使用该模块可以对远程服务器进行命令或文件操作，值得一说的是，fabric和ansible内部的远程管理就是使用的paramiko来现实。其实它的底层是对ssh的上层代码的一个封装
一、下载安装
|
1
2
3
|
#pycrypto，由于 paramiko 模块内部依赖pycrypto，所以先下载安装pycrypto
tomcat@node:~$ pip install pycrypto
tomcat@node:~$ pip install paramiko
|
二、模块使用
(1)基于用户名密码连接两种方式：
-->第一种
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
import?paramiko
????
# 创建SSH对象
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname=‘192.168.1.21‘, port=22, username=‘root‘, password=‘123456‘)
????
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘ls‘)
# 获取命令结果
result?=?stdout.read()
????
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()
|
-->二种：SSHClient 封装 Transport
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
import?paramiko
?
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘, password=‘123456‘)
?
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport?=?transport
?
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘df‘)
print?stdout.read()
?
transport.close()
|
(2)基于公钥密钥连接的两种方式：
-->第一种
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
import?paramiko
???
private_key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘)
???
# 创建SSH对象
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname=‘192.168.1.21‘, port=22, username=‘root‘, key=private_key)
???
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘df‘)
# 获取命令结果
result?=?stdout.read()
???
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()
|
-->第二种：SSHClient 封装 Transport
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
import?paramiko
?
private_key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘)
?
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘, pkey=private_key)
?
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport?=?transport
?
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘df‘)
?
transport.close()
|
(1)基于用户名密码上传下载：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
import?paramiko
???
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘,password=‘123456‘)
???
sftp?=?paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
?
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(‘/tmp/location.py‘,?‘/tmp/test.py‘)
?
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get(‘remove_path‘,?‘local_path‘)
???
transport.close()
|
(2)基于公钥密钥上传下载：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
import?paramiko
???
private_key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘)
???
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘, pkey=private_key )
???
sftp?=?paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
?
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(‘/tmp/location.py‘,?‘/tmp/test.py‘)
?
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get(‘remove_path‘,?‘local_path‘)
???
transport.close()
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
|
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
?
import?paramiko
?
class?SSHConnection(object):
?
????def?__init__(self, host=‘192.168.1.21‘, port=22, username=‘root‘,pwd=‘123456‘):
????????self.host?=?host
????????self.port?=?port
????????self.username?=?username
????????self.pwd?=?pwd
????????self.__k?=?None
?
????def?run(self):
????????self.connect()
????????pass
????????self.close()
?
????def?connect(self):
????????transport?=?paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))
????????transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)
????????self.__transport?=?transport
?
????def?close(self):
????????self.__transport.close()
?
????def?cmd(self, command):
????????ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
????????ssh._transport?=?self.__transport
????????# 执行命令
????????stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(command)
????????# 获取命令结果
????????result?=?stdout.read()
????????return?result
?
????def?upload(self,local_path, target_path):
????????# 连接，上传
????????sftp?=?paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)
????????# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
????????sftp.put(local_path, target_path)
?
ssh?=?SSHConnection()
ssh.connect()
r1?=?ssh.cmd(‘df‘)
print(r1.decode())
#ssh.upload(‘test.py‘, "/root/test.py")
ssh.upload(‘s13_par.py‘,?"/root/s7.py")
ssh.close()
|
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import paramiko
import uuid
class SSHConnection(object):
def __init__(self, host=‘172.16.103.191‘, port=22, username=‘wupeiqi‘,pwd=‘123‘):
self.host = host
self.port = port
self.username = username
self.pwd = pwd
self.__k = None
def create_file(self):
file_name = str(uuid.uuid4())
with open(file_name,‘w‘) as f:
f.write(‘sb‘)
return file_name
def run(self):
self.connect()
self.upload(‘/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py‘)
self.rename(‘/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py‘, ‘/home/wupeiqi/ooooooooo.py)
self.close()
def connect(self):
transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))
transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)
self.__transport = transport
def close(self):
self.__transport.close()
def upload(self,target_path):
# 连接，上传
file_name = self.create_file()
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(file_name, target_path)
def rename(self, old_path, new_path):
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = self.__transport
# 执行命令
cmd = "mv %s %s" % (old_path, new_path,)
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
def cmd(self, command):
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = self.__transport
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
return result
ha = SSHConnection()
ha.run()
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
# 对于更多限制命令，需要在系统中设置
/etc/sudoers
???
Defaults??? requiretty
Defaults:cmdb??? !requiretty
?Demo
|
堡垒机执行流程：
注：配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本，如：/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py
实现过程（前戏）
# 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作
# 用户在终端输入内容，并将内容发送至远程服务器
# 远程服务器执行命令，并将结果返回
# 用户终端显示内容
版本一：能连上远程服务器在终端任意输入命令，但无法做到tab键补全命令
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
|
import?paramiko
import?sys
import?os
import?socket
import?select
import?getpass
from?paramiko.py3compat?import?u
??
tran?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22,))
tran.start_client()
tran.auth_password(‘root‘,?‘123456‘)
??
# 打开一个通道
chan?=?tran.open_session()
# 获取一个终端
chan.get_pty()
# 激活器
chan.invoke_shell()
??
while?True:
????# 监视用户输入和服务器返回数据
????# sys.stdin 处理用户输入
????# chan 是之前创建的通道，用于接收服务器返回信息
????readable, writeable, error?=?select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ],[],[],1)
????if?chan?in?readable:
????????try:
????????????x?=?u(chan.recv(1024))
????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????print(‘\r\n*** EOF\r\n‘)
????????????????break
????????????sys.stdout.write(x)
????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????except?socket.timeout:
????????????pass
????if?sys.stdin?in?readable:
????????inp?=?sys.stdin.readline()
????????chan.sendall(inp)
??
chan.close()
tran.close()
|
版本二：在版本一上增加了命令补全功能和命令记录
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
|
import?paramiko
import?sys
import?os
import?socket
import?select
import?getpass
import?termios
import?tty
from?paramiko.py3compat?import?u
??
tran?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22,))
tran.start_client()
tran.auth_password(‘root‘,?‘123456‘)
??
# 打开一个通道
chan?=?tran.open_session()
# 获取一个终端
chan.get_pty()
# 激活器
chan.invoke_shell()
??
??
# 获取原tty属性
oldtty?=?termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
try:
????# 为tty设置新属性
????# 默认当前tty设备属性：
????#?? 输入一行回车，执行
????#?? CTRL+C 进程退出，遇到特殊字符，特殊处理。
??
????# 这是为原始模式，不认识所有特殊符号
????# 放置特殊字符应用在当前终端，如此设置，将所有的用户输入均发送到远程服务器
????tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
????chan.settimeout(0.0)
??
????while?True:
????????# 监视 用户输入 和 远程服务器返回数据（socket）
????????# 阻塞，直到句柄可读
????????r, w, e?=?select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [],?1)
????????if?chan?in?r:
????????????try:
????????????????x?=?u(chan.recv(1024))
????????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????????print(‘\r\n*** EOF\r\n‘)
????????????????????break
????????????????sys.stdout.write(x)
????????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????????except?socket.timeout:
????????????????pass
????????if?sys.stdin?in?r:
????????????x?=?sys.stdin.read(1)
????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????break
????????????chan.send(x)
??
finally:
????# 重新设置终端属性
????termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
??
??
chan.close()
tran.close()
|
版本三：windows、linux通用版本
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
|
import?paramiko
import?sys
import?os
import?socket
import?getpass
?
from?paramiko.py3compat?import?u
?
# windows does not have termios...
try:
????import?termios
????import?tty
????has_termios?=?True
except?ImportError:
????has_termios?=?False
?
?
def?interactive_shell(chan):
????if?has_termios:
????????posix_shell(chan)
????else:
????????windows_shell(chan)
?
?
def?posix_shell(chan):
????import?select
?
????oldtty?=?termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
????try:
????????tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
????????tty.setcbreak(sys.stdin.fileno())
????????chan.settimeout(0.0)
????????log?=?open(‘handle.log‘,?‘a+‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
????????flag?=?False
????????temp_list?=?[]
????????while?True:
????????????r, w, e?=?select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [])
????????????if?chan?in?r:
????????????????try:
????????????????????x?=?u(chan.recv(1024))
????????????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????????????sys.stdout.write(‘\r\n*** EOF\r\n‘)
????????????????????????break
????????????????????if?flag:
????????????????????????if?x.startswith(‘\r\n‘):
????????????????????????????pass
????????????????????????else:
????????????????????????????temp_list.append(x)
????????????????????????flag?=?False
????????????????????sys.stdout.write(x)
????????????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????????????except?socket.timeout:
????????????????????pass
????????????if?sys.stdin?in?r:
????????????????x?=?sys.stdin.read(1)
????????????????import?json
?
????????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????????break
?
????????????????if?x?==?‘\t‘:
????????????????????flag?=?True
????????????????else:
????????????????????temp_list.append(x)
????????????????if?x?==?‘\r‘:
????????????????????log.write(‘‘.join(temp_list))
????????????????????log.flush()
????????????????????temp_list.clear()
????????????????chan.send(x)
?
????finally:
????????termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
?
?
def?windows_shell(chan):
????import?threading
?
????sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.\r\n\r\n")
?
????def?writeall(sock):
????????while?True:
????????????data?=?sock.recv(256)
????????????if?not?data:
????????????????sys.stdout.write(‘\r\n*** EOF ***\r\n\r\n‘)
????????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????????????break
????????????sys.stdout.write(data)
????????????sys.stdout.flush()
?
????writer?=?threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,))
????writer.start()
?
????try:
????????while?True:
????????????d?=?sys.stdin.read(1)
????????????if?not?d:
????????????????break
????????????chan.send(d)
????except?EOFError:
????????# user hit ^Z or F6
????????pass
?
?
def?run():
????default_username?=?getpass.getuser()
????username?=?input(‘Username [%s]: ‘?%?default_username)
????if?len(username)?==?0:
????????username?=?default_username
?
?
????hostname?=?input(‘Hostname: ‘)
????if?len(hostname)?==?0:
????????print(‘*** Hostname required.‘)
????????sys.exit(1)
?
????tran?=?paramiko.Transport((hostname,?22,))
????tran.start_client()
?
????default_auth?=?"p"
????auth?=?input(‘Auth by (p)assword or (r)sa key[%s] ‘?%?default_auth)
????if?len(auth)?==?0:
????????auth?=?default_auth
?
????if?auth?==?‘r‘:
????????default_path?=?os.path.join(os.environ[‘HOME‘],?‘.ssh‘,?‘id_rsa‘)
????????path?=?input(‘RSA key [%s]: ‘?%?default_path)
????????if?len(path)?==?0:
????????????path?=?default_path
????????try:
????????????key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path)
????????except?paramiko.PasswordRequiredException:
????????????password?=?getpass.getpass(‘RSA key password: ‘)
????????????key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path, password)
????????tran.auth_publickey(username, key)
????else:
????????pw?=?getpass.getpass(‘Password for %s@%s: ‘?%?(username, hostname))
????????tran.auth_password(username, pw)
?
????# 打开一个通道
????chan?=?tran.open_session()
????# 获取一个终端
????chan.get_pty()
????# 激活器
????chan.invoke_shell()
?
????interactive_shell(chan)
?
????chan.close()
????tran.close()
?
?
if?__name__?==?‘__main__‘:
????run()
|
更多参见：paramoko源码 https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko
paramiko是一个用于做远程控制的模块，使用该模块可以对远程服务器进行命令或文件操作，值得一说的是，fabric和ansible内部的远程管理就是使用的paramiko来现实。其实它的底层是对ssh的上层代码的一个封装
一、下载安装
|
1
2
3
|
#pycrypto，由于 paramiko 模块内部依赖pycrypto，所以先下载安装pycrypto
tomcat@node:~$ pip install pycrypto
tomcat@node:~$ pip install paramiko
|
二、模块使用
(1)基于用户名密码连接两种方式：
-->第一种
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
import?paramiko
????
# 创建SSH对象
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname=‘192.168.1.21‘, port=22, username=‘root‘, password=‘123456‘)
????
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘ls‘)
# 获取命令结果
result?=?stdout.read()
????
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()
|
-->二种：SSHClient 封装 Transport
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
import?paramiko
?
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘, password=‘123456‘)
?
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport?=?transport
?
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘df‘)
print?stdout.read()
?
transport.close()
|
(2)基于公钥密钥连接的两种方式：
-->第一种
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
import?paramiko
???
private_key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘)
???
# 创建SSH对象
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname=‘192.168.1.21‘, port=22, username=‘root‘, key=private_key)
???
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘df‘)
# 获取命令结果
result?=?stdout.read()
???
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()
|
-->第二种：SSHClient 封装 Transport
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
import?paramiko
?
private_key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘)
?
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘, pkey=private_key)
?
ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport?=?transport
?
stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(‘df‘)
?
transport.close()
|
(1)基于用户名密码上传下载：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
import?paramiko
???
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘,password=‘123456‘)
???
sftp?=?paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
?
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(‘/tmp/location.py‘,?‘/tmp/test.py‘)
?
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get(‘remove_path‘,?‘local_path‘)
???
transport.close()
|
(2)基于公钥密钥上传下载：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
import?paramiko
???
private_key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘)
???
transport?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22))
transport.connect(username=‘root‘, pkey=private_key )
???
sftp?=?paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
?
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(‘/tmp/location.py‘,?‘/tmp/test.py‘)
?
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get(‘remove_path‘,?‘local_path‘)
???
transport.close()
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
|
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
?
import?paramiko
?
class?SSHConnection(object):
?
????def?__init__(self, host=‘192.168.1.21‘, port=22, username=‘root‘,pwd=‘123456‘):
????????self.host?=?host
????????self.port?=?port
????????self.username?=?username
????????self.pwd?=?pwd
????????self.__k?=?None
?
????def?run(self):
????????self.connect()
????????pass
????????self.close()
?
????def?connect(self):
????????transport?=?paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))
????????transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)
????????self.__transport?=?transport
?
????def?close(self):
????????self.__transport.close()
?
????def?cmd(self, command):
????????ssh?=?paramiko.SSHClient()
????????ssh._transport?=?self.__transport
????????# 执行命令
????????stdin, stdout, stderr?=?ssh.exec_command(command)
????????# 获取命令结果
????????result?=?stdout.read()
????????return?result
?
????def?upload(self,local_path, target_path):
????????# 连接，上传
????????sftp?=?paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)
????????# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
????????sftp.put(local_path, target_path)
?
ssh?=?SSHConnection()
ssh.connect()
r1?=?ssh.cmd(‘df‘)
print(r1.decode())
#ssh.upload(‘test.py‘, "/root/test.py")
ssh.upload(‘s13_par.py‘,?"/root/s7.py")
ssh.close()
|
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import paramiko
import uuid
class SSHConnection(object):
def __init__(self, host=‘172.16.103.191‘, port=22, username=‘wupeiqi‘,pwd=‘123‘):
self.host = host
self.port = port
self.username = username
self.pwd = pwd
self.__k = None
def create_file(self):
file_name = str(uuid.uuid4())
with open(file_name,‘w‘) as f:
f.write(‘sb‘)
return file_name
def run(self):
self.connect()
self.upload(‘/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py‘)
self.rename(‘/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py‘, ‘/home/wupeiqi/ooooooooo.py)
self.close()
def connect(self):
transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))
transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)
self.__transport = transport
def close(self):
self.__transport.close()
def upload(self,target_path):
# 连接，上传
file_name = self.create_file()
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(file_name, target_path)
def rename(self, old_path, new_path):
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = self.__transport
# 执行命令
cmd = "mv %s %s" % (old_path, new_path,)
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
def cmd(self, command):
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = self.__transport
# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
return result
ha = SSHConnection()
ha.run()
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
# 对于更多限制命令，需要在系统中设置
/etc/sudoers
???
Defaults??? requiretty
Defaults:cmdb??? !requiretty
?Demo
|
堡垒机执行流程：
注：配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本，如：/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py
实现过程（前戏）
# 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作
# 用户在终端输入内容，并将内容发送至远程服务器
# 远程服务器执行命令，并将结果返回
# 用户终端显示内容
版本一：能连上远程服务器在终端任意输入命令，但无法做到tab键补全命令
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
|
import?paramiko
import?sys
import?os
import?socket
import?select
import?getpass
from?paramiko.py3compat?import?u
??
tran?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22,))
tran.start_client()
tran.auth_password(‘root‘,?‘123456‘)
??
# 打开一个通道
chan?=?tran.open_session()
# 获取一个终端
chan.get_pty()
# 激活器
chan.invoke_shell()
??
while?True:
????# 监视用户输入和服务器返回数据
????# sys.stdin 处理用户输入
????# chan 是之前创建的通道，用于接收服务器返回信息
????readable, writeable, error?=?select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ],[],[],1)
????if?chan?in?readable:
????????try:
????????????x?=?u(chan.recv(1024))
????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????print(‘\r\n*** EOF\r\n‘)
????????????????break
????????????sys.stdout.write(x)
????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????except?socket.timeout:
????????????pass
????if?sys.stdin?in?readable:
????????inp?=?sys.stdin.readline()
????????chan.sendall(inp)
??
chan.close()
tran.close()
|
版本二：在版本一上增加了命令补全功能和命令记录
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
|
import?paramiko
import?sys
import?os
import?socket
import?select
import?getpass
import?termios
import?tty
from?paramiko.py3compat?import?u
??
tran?=?paramiko.Transport((‘192.168.1.21‘,?22,))
tran.start_client()
tran.auth_password(‘root‘,?‘123456‘)
??
# 打开一个通道
chan?=?tran.open_session()
# 获取一个终端
chan.get_pty()
# 激活器
chan.invoke_shell()
??
??
# 获取原tty属性
oldtty?=?termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
try:
????# 为tty设置新属性
????# 默认当前tty设备属性：
????#?? 输入一行回车，执行
????#?? CTRL+C 进程退出，遇到特殊字符，特殊处理。
??
????# 这是为原始模式，不认识所有特殊符号
????# 放置特殊字符应用在当前终端，如此设置，将所有的用户输入均发送到远程服务器
????tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
????chan.settimeout(0.0)
??
????while?True:
????????# 监视 用户输入 和 远程服务器返回数据（socket）
????????# 阻塞，直到句柄可读
????????r, w, e?=?select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [],?1)
????????if?chan?in?r:
????????????try:
????????????????x?=?u(chan.recv(1024))
????????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????????print(‘\r\n*** EOF\r\n‘)
????????????????????break
????????????????sys.stdout.write(x)
????????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????????except?socket.timeout:
????????????????pass
????????if?sys.stdin?in?r:
????????????x?=?sys.stdin.read(1)
????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????break
????????????chan.send(x)
??
finally:
????# 重新设置终端属性
????termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
??
??
chan.close()
tran.close()
|
版本三：windows、linux通用版本
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
|
import?paramiko
import?sys
import?os
import?socket
import?getpass
?
from?paramiko.py3compat?import?u
?
# windows does not have termios...
try:
????import?termios
????import?tty
????has_termios?=?True
except?ImportError:
????has_termios?=?False
?
?
def?interactive_shell(chan):
????if?has_termios:
????????posix_shell(chan)
????else:
????????windows_shell(chan)
?
?
def?posix_shell(chan):
????import?select
?
????oldtty?=?termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
????try:
????????tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
????????tty.setcbreak(sys.stdin.fileno())
????????chan.settimeout(0.0)
????????log?=?open(‘handle.log‘,?‘a+‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
????????flag?=?False
????????temp_list?=?[]
????????while?True:
????????????r, w, e?=?select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [])
????????????if?chan?in?r:
????????????????try:
????????????????????x?=?u(chan.recv(1024))
????????????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????????????sys.stdout.write(‘\r\n*** EOF\r\n‘)
????????????????????????break
????????????????????if?flag:
????????????????????????if?x.startswith(‘\r\n‘):
????????????????????????????pass
????????????????????????else:
????????????????????????????temp_list.append(x)
????????????????????????flag?=?False
????????????????????sys.stdout.write(x)
????????????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????????????except?socket.timeout:
????????????????????pass
????????????if?sys.stdin?in?r:
????????????????x?=?sys.stdin.read(1)
????????????????import?json
?
????????????????if?len(x)?==?0:
????????????????????break
?
????????????????if?x?==?‘\t‘:
????????????????????flag?=?True
????????????????else:
????????????????????temp_list.append(x)
????????????????if?x?==?‘\r‘:
????????????????????log.write(‘‘.join(temp_list))
????????????????????log.flush()
????????????????????temp_list.clear()
????????????????chan.send(x)
?
????finally:
????????termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
?
?
def?windows_shell(chan):
????import?threading
?
????sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.\r\n\r\n")
?
????def?writeall(sock):
????????while?True:
????????????data?=?sock.recv(256)
????????????if?not?data:
????????????????sys.stdout.write(‘\r\n*** EOF ***\r\n\r\n‘)
????????????????sys.stdout.flush()
????????????????break
????????????sys.stdout.write(data)
????????????sys.stdout.flush()
?
????writer?=?threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,))
????writer.start()
?
????try:
????????while?True:
????????????d?=?sys.stdin.read(1)
????????????if?not?d:
????????????????break
????????????chan.send(d)
????except?EOFError:
????????# user hit ^Z or F6
????????pass
?
?
def?run():
????default_username?=?getpass.getuser()
????username?=?input(‘Username [%s]: ‘?%?default_username)
????if?len(username)?==?0:
????????username?=?default_username
?
?
????hostname?=?input(‘Hostname: ‘)
????if?len(hostname)?==?0:
????????print(‘*** Hostname required.‘)
????????sys.exit(1)
?
????tran?=?paramiko.Transport((hostname,?22,))
????tran.start_client()
?
????default_auth?=?"p"
????auth?=?input(‘Auth by (p)assword or (r)sa key[%s] ‘?%?default_auth)
????if?len(auth)?==?0:
????????auth?=?default_auth
?
????if?auth?==?‘r‘:
????????default_path?=?os.path.join(os.environ[‘HOME‘],?‘.ssh‘,?‘id_rsa‘)
????????path?=?input(‘RSA key [%s]: ‘?%?default_path)
????????if?len(path)?==?0:
????????????path?=?default_path
????????try:
????????????key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path)
????????except?paramiko.PasswordRequiredException:
????????????password?=?getpass.getpass(‘RSA key password: ‘)
????????????key?=?paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path, password)
????????tran.auth_publickey(username, key)
????else:
????????pw?=?getpass.getpass(‘Password for %s@%s: ‘?%?(username, hostname))
????????tran.auth_password(username, pw)
?
????# 打开一个通道
????chan?=?tran.open_session()
????# 获取一个终端
????chan.get_pty()
????# 激活器
????chan.invoke_shell()
?
????interactive_shell(chan)
?
????chan.close()
????tran.close()
?
?
if?__name__?==?‘__main__‘:
????run()
|
更多参见：paramoko源码 https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko?
?
原文：https://blog.51cto.com/xuaijun/3244165