Python中的Exceptions是所有异常的基类,内置的异常类都放在了exceptions模块中,通过dir()函数可以看到这些内置的类
import exceptions [‘ArithmeticError‘, ‘AssertionError‘, ‘AttributeError‘, ‘BaseException‘, ‘BufferError‘, ‘BytesWarning‘, ‘DeprecationWarning‘, ‘EOFError‘, ‘EnvironmentError‘, ‘Exception‘, ‘FloatingPointError‘, ‘FutureWarning‘, ‘GeneratorExit‘, ‘IOError‘, ‘ImportError‘, ‘ImportWarning‘, ‘IndentationError‘, ‘IndexError‘, ‘KeyError‘, ‘KeyboardInterrupt‘, ‘LookupError‘, ‘MemoryError‘, ‘NameError‘, ‘NotImplementedError‘, ‘OSError‘, ‘OverflowError‘, ‘PendingDeprecationWarning‘, ‘ReferenceError‘, ‘RuntimeError‘, ‘RuntimeWarning‘, ‘StandardError‘, ‘StopIteration‘, ‘SyntaxError‘, ‘SyntaxWarning‘, ‘SystemError‘, ‘SystemExit‘, ‘TabError‘, ‘TypeError‘, ‘UnboundLocalError‘, ‘UnicodeDecodeError‘, ‘UnicodeEncodeError‘, ‘UnicodeError‘, ‘UnicodeTranslateError‘, ‘UnicodeWarning‘, ‘UserWarning‘, ‘ValueError‘, ‘Warning‘, ‘ZeroDivisionError‘, ‘__doc__‘, ‘__name__‘, ‘__package__‘]
当代码遇到错误的时候,会逐层向上传播,如果没有捕捉异常的机制,错误会传递到全局变量的位置,导致程序报错终止.
在python中可以通过 try/except来捕捉异常,except 可以跟上内置的异常类,或者自定义的异常类
1 import exceptions 2 try: 3 print a 4 except NameError: 5 print ‘名字未定义‘
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/seanren/p/4351107.html
