在覆盖equals方法的时候,你必须要遵守它的通用约定,不遵守,写出来的方法,会出现逻辑错误。下面是约定的内容:
对称性
public final class CaseInsensitiveString {
private final String s ;
public CaseInsensitiveString(String s) {
if (s == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
this. s = s;
}
// Broken - violates symmetry!
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (o instanceof CaseInsensitiveString)
return s.equalsIgnoreCase(((CaseInsensitiveString) o). s);
if (o instanceof String) // One-way interoperability!
return s.equalsIgnoreCase((String) o);
return false;
}
// This version is correct.
// @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
// return o instanceof CaseInsensitiveString &&
// ((CaseInsensitiveString) o).s.equalsIgnoreCase(s);
// }
public static void main(String[] args) {
CaseInsensitiveString cis = new CaseInsensitiveString("Polish" );
String s = "polish";
System.out.println(cis.equals(s) + " " + s.equals(cis));
}
}
public class ColorPoint extends Point {
private final Color color ;
public ColorPoint( int x, int y, Color color) {
super(x, y);
this.color = color;
}
// Broken - violates symmetry!
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof ColorPoint))
return false ;
return super .equals(o) && ((ColorPoint) o).color == color;
}
// Broken - violates transitivity!
// @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
// if (!(o instanceof Point))
// return false;
//
// // If o is a normal Point, do a color-blind comparison
// if (!(o instanceof ColorPoint))
// return o.equals(this);
//
// // o is a ColorPoint; do a full comparison
// return super.equals(o) && ((ColorPoint)o).color == color;
// }
public static void main(String[] args) {
// First equals function violates symmetry
Point p = new Point(1, 2);
ColorPoint cp = new ColorPoint(1, 2, Color.RED);
System. out.println(p.equals(cp) + " " + cp.equals(p));
// Second equals function violates transitivity
ColorPoint p1 = new ColorPoint(1, 2, Color.RED);
Point p2 = new Point(1, 2);
ColorPoint p3 = new ColorPoint(1, 2, Color.BLUE);
System. out.printf("%s %s %s%n" , p1.equals(p2), p2.equals(p3),
p1.equals(p3));
}
}
public class Point {
private final int x;
private final int y;
public Point(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Point))
return false ;
Point p = (Point) o;
return p.x == x && p.y == y;
}
// See Item 9
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return 31 * x + y ;
}
}
public enum Color {
RED, ORANGE , YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE, INDIGO , VIOLET
}
public class ColorPoint {
private final Point point ;
private final Color color ;
public ColorPoint(int x, int y, Color color) {
if (color == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
point = new Point(x, y);
this.color = color ;
}
/**
* Returns the point -view of this color point.
*/
public Point asPoint() {
return point ;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof ColorPoint))
return false ;
ColorPoint cp = (ColorPoint) o;
return cp.point .equals(point ) && cp.color.equals( color);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return point .hashCode() * 33 + color.hashCode();
}
}
*
@Override
* public boolean equals(Object obj) {
* if (!(obj instanceof InetAddress)) {
* return false;
* }
* return Arrays.equals(this.ipaddress, ((InetAddress) obj).ipaddress);
* }
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/ttylinux/p/4363964.html