????随着webService的崛起，我们开始中会越来越多的使用到访问远程webService服务。当然对于不同的webService框架一般都有自己的client包供使用，但是如果使用webService框架自己的client包，那么必然需要在自己的代码中引入它的包，如果同时调运了多个不同框架的webService，那么就需要同时引入多个不同的client包，这样做是很烦的。Java本生提供访问远程服务的包，在java.net.*下。接下来我们就用Java原生的package访问webService。
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1、发送GET请求
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class?ReadByGet?implements?Runnable {
????public?void?run() {
????????try?{
????????????URL url =?new?URL(
????????????????????"http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do?keyfrom=gusi123123&key=1075925116&type=data&doctype=json&version=1.1&q=hello");//此处访问有道的webService服务，参数都在url中
????????????URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();//得到一个连接对象
????????????InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
????????????InputStreamReader isr =?new?InputStreamReader(is,?"UTF-8");
????????????BufferedReader br =?new?BufferedReader(isr);//用于读取返回的数据流
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????????????StringBuffer sb =?new?StringBuffer();//用于接收返回的数据
????????????String line =?null;
????????????while?((line = br.readLine()) !=?null) {
????????????????sb.append(line);
????????????}
????????????System.out.println(sb.toString());
????????????br.close();//关闭各种连接
????????????isr.close();
????????????is.close();
????????}?catch?(IOException e) {
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}
????}
} |
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2、发送POST请求
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class?ReadByPost?implements?Runnable {
????public?void?run() {
????????try?{
????????????URL url =?new?URL("http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do");//此处通过post访问有道webService
????????????// URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
????????????HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
????????????????????.openConnection();//得到一个http的连接对象
????????????connection.addRequestProperty("encoding",?"UTF-8");
????????????connection.setRequestMethod("POST");//设置请求方式
????????????connection.setDoInput(true);//设置可写入
????????????connection.setDoOutput(true);//设置可读取
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????????????OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
????????????OutputStreamWriter osw =?new?OutputStreamWriter(os,?"UTF-8");
????????????BufferedWriter bw =?new?BufferedWriter(osw);//定义写入流对象
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????????????bw.write("keyfrom=gusi123123&key=1075925116&type=data&doctype=xml&version=1.1&q=hello");
????????????bw.flush();//通过写入流对象写入请求参数
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????????????InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
????????????InputStreamReader isr =?new?InputStreamReader(is,?"UTF-8");
????????????BufferedReader br =?new?BufferedReader(isr);//定义读取流对象
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????????????StringBuffer sb =?new?StringBuffer();
????????????String line =?null;
????????????while?((line = br.readLine()) !=?null) {
????????????????sb.append(line);
????????????}//通过读取流读取返回数据
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????????????//关闭各种连接对象
????????????br.close();
????????????isr.close();
????????????is.close();
????????????bw.close();
????????????osw.close();
????????????os.close();
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????????????System.out.println(sb.toString());
????????}?catch?(IOException e) {
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}
????}
} |
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????通过上面也发现使用java原生的package访问webService比较麻烦，然后我们伟大的apache也给我们提供通用的访问webService的jar包，需要的jar包依赖是：（使用到的类在org.apache.http.*）
<dependency>
????<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
????<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
????<version>4.3.6</version>
</dependency>
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3、通过httpclient发送GET请求
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public?class?ReadByClientGet?implements?Runnable {
????HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
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????public?void?run() {
????????String uri =?"http://www.baidu.com";//访问百度
????????HttpGet get =?new?HttpGet(uri);//得到请求对象
????????try?{
????????????HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);//执行访问请求
????????????HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();//得到返回数据
????????????String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,?"UTF-8");//将返回数据输出
????????????System.out.println(result);
????????}?catch?(ClientProtocolException e) {
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}?catch?(IOException e) {
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}
????}
} |
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4、通过httpclient发送POST请求
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public?class?ReadByClientPost?implements?Runnable {
????HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();//创建一个client对象
????public?void?run() {
????????try?{
????????????String uri =?"http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do";//post访问有道webService
????????????HttpPost post =?new?HttpPost(uri);//得到post请求对象
????????????//构造请求参数，通过NameValuePair对象（类似于Map集合）
????????????List<NameValuePair> parameters =?new?ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
????????????parameters.add(new?BasicNameValuePair("keyfrom",?"gusi123123"));
????????????parameters.add(new?BasicNameValuePair("key",?"1075925116"));
????????????parameters.add(new?BasicNameValuePair("type",?"data"));
????????????parameters.add(new?BasicNameValuePair("doctype",?"json"));
????????????parameters.add(new?BasicNameValuePair("version",?"1.1"));
????????????parameters.add(new?BasicNameValuePair("q",?"java"));
????????????post.setEntity(new?UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters,"UTF-8"));
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????????????HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);//执行post请求，并且接收返回数据
????????????HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
????????????String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,?"UTF-8");
????????????System.out.println(result);//输出返回数据
????????}?catch?(ClientProtocolException e) {
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}?catch?(IOException e) {
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????}
????}
} |
????通过上面httpclient只是最简单的基本的访问webService服务。当然还有很多其他细节以及功能可以设计和处理。接下来通过测试方法测试上面的四种访问请求的结果：（输出结果不再粘贴）
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public?class?Main {
????public?static?void?main(String[] args) {
????????// new Thread(new ReadByGet()).start();
????????// new Thread(new ReadByPost()).start();
????????// new Thread(new ReadByClientGet()).start();
????????//new Thread(new ReadByClientPost()).start();
????}
} |
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原文：http://dyygusi.iteye.com/blog/2217259