这是一个抽象类,用来简化 HTTP Servlet 写作的过程。它是 GenericServlet 类的扩充,提供了一个处理 HTTP 协议的框架。在这个类中的 service 方法支持例如 GET、POST 这样的标准的 HTTP 方法。这一支持过程是通过分配他们到适当的方法(例如 doGet、doPost)来实现的。
protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
被这个类的 service 方法调用,用来处理一个 HTTP DELETE 操作。这个操作允许客户端请求从服务器上删除 URL。这一操作可能有负面影响,对此用户就负起责任。这一方法的默认执行结果是返回一个HTTP BAD_REQUEST 错误。 当你要处理 DELETEprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
被这个类的 service 方法调用,用来处理一个 HTTP GET 操作。这个操作允许客户端简单地从一个 HTTP 服务器“获得”资源。对这个方法的重载将自动地支持 HEAD 方法。GET 操作应该是安全而且没有负面影响的。这个操作也应该可以安全地重复。这一方法的默认执行结果是返回一个 HTTP BAD_REQUEST 错误。protected void doHead(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
被这个类的 service 方法调用,用来处理一个 HTTP HEAD 操作。默认的情况是,这个操作会按照一个无条件的 GET 方法来执行,该操作不向客户端返回任何数据,而仅仅是返回包含内容长度的头信息。与 GET 操作一样,这个操作应该是安全而且没有负面影响的。这个操作也应该可以安全地重复。这个方法的默认执行结果是自动处理 HTTP HEAD 操作, 这个方法不需要被一个子类执行。protected void doOptions(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
被这个类的 service 方法调用,用来处理一个 HTTP OPTION 操作。这个操作自动地决定支持哪一种 HTTP 方法。例如,一个 Servlet 写了一个 HttpServlet 的子类并重载了 doGet方法,doOption 会返回下面的头:Allow:GET,HEAD,TRACE,OPTIONSprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,
IOException;protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
被这个类的 service 方法调用, 用来处理一个 HTTP PUT 操作。 这个操作类似于通过 FTP发送文件。这个操作可能有负面影响。例如更新存储的数据或在线购物。这一方法的默认执行结果是返回一个 HTTP BAD_REQUEST 错误。当你要处理 PUT 操protected void doTrace(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
被这个类的 service 方法调用,用来处理一个 HTTP TRACE 操作。这个操作的默认执行结果是产生一个响应,这个响应包含一个反映 trace 请求中发送的所有头域的信息。当你开发 Servlet 时,在多数情况下你需要重载这个方法。protected void service(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException;
public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)这是一个 Servlet 的 HTTP-specific 方案, 它分配请求到这个类的支持这个请求的其他方法。当你开发 Servlet 时,在多数情况下你不必重载这个方法。实际开发中需要重载的就是doGet和doPost这2个方法。然后一般都是重写doPost方法,然后重写doGet的时候只需要调下doPost方法即可。下面贴出HttpServlet类的源码。
package javax.servlet.http;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javax.servlet.GenericServlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public abstract class HttpServlet extends GenericServlet
implements Serializable
{
private static final String METHOD_DELETE = "DELETE";
private static final String METHOD_HEAD = "HEAD";
private static final String METHOD_GET = "GET";
private static final String METHOD_OPTIONS = "OPTIONS";
private static final String METHOD_POST = "POST";
private static final String METHOD_PUT = "PUT";
private static final String METHOD_TRACE = "TRACE";
private static final String HEADER_IFMODSINCE = "If-Modified-Since";
private static final String HEADER_LASTMOD = "Last-Modified";
private static final String LSTRING_FILE = "javax.servlet.http.LocalStrings";
private static ResourceBundle lStrings = ResourceBundle.getBundle("javax.servlet.http.LocalStrings");
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String protocol = req.getProtocol();
String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_get_not_supported");
if (protocol.endsWith("1.1"))
resp.sendError(405, msg);
else
resp.sendError(400, msg);
}
protected long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest req)
{
return -1L;
}
protected void doHead(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
NoBodyResponse response = new NoBodyResponse(resp);
doGet(req, response);
response.setContentLength();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String protocol = req.getProtocol();
String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_post_not_supported");
if (protocol.endsWith("1.1"))
resp.sendError(405, msg);
else
resp.sendError(400, msg);
}
protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String protocol = req.getProtocol();
String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_put_not_supported");
if (protocol.endsWith("1.1"))
resp.sendError(405, msg);
else
resp.sendError(400, msg);
}
protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String protocol = req.getProtocol();
String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_delete_not_supported");
if (protocol.endsWith("1.1"))
resp.sendError(405, msg);
else
resp.sendError(400, msg);
}
private static Method[] getAllDeclaredMethods(Class c)
{
if (c.equals(HttpServlet.class)) {
return null;
}
Method[] parentMethods = getAllDeclaredMethods(c.getSuperclass());
Method[] thisMethods = c.getDeclaredMethods();
if ((parentMethods != null) && (parentMethods.length > 0)) {
Method[] allMethods = new Method[parentMethods.length + thisMethods.length];
System.arraycopy(parentMethods, 0, allMethods, 0, parentMethods.length);
System.arraycopy(thisMethods, 0, allMethods, parentMethods.length, thisMethods.length);
thisMethods = allMethods;
}
return thisMethods;
}
protected void doOptions(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
Method[] methods = getAllDeclaredMethods(getClass());
boolean ALLOW_GET = false;
boolean ALLOW_HEAD = false;
boolean ALLOW_POST = false;
boolean ALLOW_PUT = false;
boolean ALLOW_DELETE = false;
boolean ALLOW_TRACE = true;
boolean ALLOW_OPTIONS = true;
for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
Method m = methods[i];
if (m.getName().equals("doGet")) {
ALLOW_GET = true;
ALLOW_HEAD = true;
}
if (m.getName().equals("doPost"))
ALLOW_POST = true;
if (m.getName().equals("doPut"))
ALLOW_PUT = true;
if (m.getName().equals("doDelete")) {
ALLOW_DELETE = true;
}
}
String allow = null;
if ((ALLOW_GET) &&
(allow == null)) allow = "GET";
if (ALLOW_HEAD)
if (allow == null) allow = "HEAD"; else
allow = allow + ", HEAD";
if (ALLOW_POST)
if (allow == null) allow = "POST"; else
allow = allow + ", POST";
if (ALLOW_PUT)
if (allow == null) allow = "PUT"; else
allow = allow + ", PUT";
if (ALLOW_DELETE)
if (allow == null) allow = "DELETE"; else
allow = allow + ", DELETE";
if (ALLOW_TRACE)
if (allow == null) allow = "TRACE"; else
allow = allow + ", TRACE";
if (ALLOW_OPTIONS) {
if (allow == null) allow = "OPTIONS"; else
allow = allow + ", OPTIONS";
}
resp.setHeader("Allow", allow);
}
protected void doTrace(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String CRLF = "\r\n";
String responseString = "TRACE " + req.getRequestURI() + " " + req.getProtocol();
Enumeration reqHeaderEnum = req.getHeaderNames();
while (reqHeaderEnum.hasMoreElements()) {
String headerName = (String)reqHeaderEnum.nextElement();
responseString = responseString + CRLF + headerName + ": " + req.getHeader(headerName);
}
responseString = responseString + CRLF;
int responseLength = responseString.length();
resp.setContentType("message/http");
resp.setContentLength(responseLength);
ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
out.print(responseString);
out.close();
}
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
String method = req.getMethod();
if (method.equals("GET")) {
long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
if (lastModified == -1L)
{
doGet(req, resp);
} else {
long ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader("If-Modified-Since");
if (ifModifiedSince < lastModified / 1000L * 1000L)
{
maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
doGet(req, resp);
} else {
resp.setStatus(304);
}
}
}
else if (method.equals("HEAD")) {
long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
doHead(req, resp);
}
else if (method.equals("POST")) {
doPost(req, resp);
}
else if (method.equals("PUT")) {
doPut(req, resp);
}
else if (method.equals("DELETE")) {
doDelete(req, resp);
}
else if (method.equals("OPTIONS")) {
doOptions(req, resp);
}
else if (method.equals("TRACE")) {
doTrace(req, resp);
}
else
{
String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
Object[] errArgs = new Object[1];
errArgs[0] = method;
errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
resp.sendError(501, errMsg);
}
}
private void maybeSetLastModified(HttpServletResponse resp, long lastModified)
{
if (resp.containsHeader("Last-Modified"))
return;
if (lastModified >= 0L)
resp.setDateHeader("Last-Modified", lastModified);
}
public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
HttpServletRequest request;
HttpServletResponse response;
try
{
request = (HttpServletRequest)req;
response = (HttpServletResponse)res;
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
throw new ServletException("non-HTTP request or response");
}
service(request, response);
}
}原文:http://blog.csdn.net/u011794238/article/details/46503557