SQLHAVING 子句
HAVING 子句
在 SQL 中增加 HAVING 子句原因是,WHERE 关键字无法与 Aggregate 函数一起使用。
SQL HAVING 语法
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value;
演示数据库
在本教程中,我们将使用众所周知的 Northwind 样本数据库。
下面是选自 "Orders" 表的数据:
|
OrderID
|
CustomerID
|
EmployeeID
|
OrderDate
|
ShipperID
|
|
10248
|
90
|
5
|
1996-07-04
|
3
|
|
10249
|
81
|
6
|
1996-07-05
|
1
|
|
10250
|
34
|
4
|
1996-07-08
|
2
|
选自 "Employees" 表的数据:
|
EmployeeID
|
LastName
|
FirstName
|
BirthDate
|
Photo
|
Notes
|
|
1
|
Davolio
|
Nancy
|
1968-12-08
|
EmpID1.pic
|
Education includes a BA....
|
|
2
|
Fuller
|
Andrew
|
1952-02-19
|
EmpID2.pic
|
Andrew received his BTS....
|
|
3
|
Leverling
|
Janet
|
1963-08-30
|
EmpID3.pic
|
Janet has a BS degree....
|
SQL HAVING 实例
现在我们想要查找订单总数少于 2000 的客户。
我们使用下面的 SQL 语句:
下面的 SQL 语句查找注册超过 10 个订单的员工:
实例
SELECT Employees.LastName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM
(Orders
INNER JOIN Employees
ON
Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID)
GROUP BY LastName
HAVING
COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 10;
现在我们想哟啊查找员工 "Davolio" 或 "Fuller" 是否拥有超过 25 个订单。
我们在 SQL 语句中增加一个普通的 WHERE 子句:
实例
SELECT Employees.LastName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM
Orders
INNER JOIN Employees
ON Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID
WHERE LastName=‘Davolio‘ OR LastName=‘Fuller‘
GROUP BY LastName
HAVING
COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 25;